Now updated for CSW19. New words, if any, and new inflections of existing words, are shown in red.
BR>maar | (Ger.) a volcanic crater without a cone, usually filled by a lake > MAARS or MAARE. | |
maas | (3rd.) MAA, of a goat, to bleat; (noun) thick soured milk > MAASES. | |
mabe | A cultured pearl > MABES. | |
maca | A cruciferous biennial plant, native to the Peruvian Andes; the powdered root of this plant, used as a stimulant and health supplement > MACAS. | |
mace | A club-like weapon; (verb) to attack with this > MACES, MACING, MACED. | |
mach | A number indicating the ratio of the speed of an object to the speed of sound in the surrounding medium > MACHS. | |
mack | A pimp, pander > MACKS. | |
macs | (Pl.) MAC, mackintosh. | |
made | (Pt.) MAKE, to cause to exist. | |
mads | (3rd.) MAD, to be mad. | |
maes | (Pl.) MAE, more. | |
mage | A magician; a person of exceptional wisdom and learning > MAGES. Also MAGUS. | |
magg | (Scott) to steal > MAGGS, MAGGING, MAGGED. | |
magi | (Pl.) MAGUS, a magician. | |
mags | (3rd.) MAG, to tease, chatter. | |
maha | As in maha yoga, a form of yoga practised with a master that incorporates all eight classical yogas. | |
maid | (Verb) to work as a maid > MAIDS, MAIDING, MAIDED. | |
maik | (Scots) a mate or consort, an equal > MAIKS. | |
To send by a governmental postal system > MAILS, MAILING, MAILED. | ||
maim | To injure so as to cause lasting damage > MAIMS, MAIMING, MAIMED. | |
main | (Adj.) chief, principal > MAINER, MAINEST; MAINLY; (verb) to maim or cripple > MAINS, MAINING, MAINED. | |
mair | (Scots) more > MAIRS. | |
make | To cause to exist > MAKES, MAKING, MADE. | |
maki | (Japanese) in Japanese cuisine a small segment cut from a long roll of cold rice and various other ingredients wrapped in a sheet of seaweed > MAKIS. | |
mako | (Maori) a kind of shark > MAKOS. | |
maks | (3rd.) MAK, to make. | |
mala | (Hindi) a string of beads or knots used in prayer > MALAS. | |
male | An individual that begets young by fertilizing the female > MALES. | |
mali | (Hindi) one of the gardener class in India > MALIS. | |
mall | (Verb) to maul, beat > MALLS, MALLING, MALLED. | |
malm | A calcareous loam used in making brick > MALMS. | |
mals | (Pl.) MAL, pain, sickness. | |
malt | Barley or other grain prepared for brewing or distilling or vinegar-making, esp. by steeping, germinating, and drying; (verb) to treat or combine with malt > MALTS, MALTING, MALTED. | |
mama | Mother > MAMAS. | |
mams | (Pl.) MAM, mother. | |
mana | (Maori) an impersonal supernatural force > MANAS. | |
mand | (Spenser) manned. | |
mane | The long hair growing on and about the neck of some animals > MANES, MANED. | |
mang | (Arch.) to speak or talk > MANGS, MANGING, MANGED. | |
mani | A stone prayer wall in a Tibetan Buddhist temple, usu. carved with sacred images or texts > MANIES or MANIS. | |
mano | A stone roller used in Mexico etc. for grinding maize on a METATE, a stone with a concave surface > MANOS. | |
mans | (3rd.) MAN, to staff, operate. | |
many | Consisting of or amounting to a large number > MORE, MOST. | |
maps | (3rd.) MAP, to make a map. | |
mara | A large rodent, like a CAVY, found in Patagonia > MARAS. | |
marc | (Fr.) grapeskins and other refuse from wine-making > MARCS. | |
mard | (Spenser) marred. | |
mare | (Lat.) a sea on the moon > MARIA. | |
marg | (Abbr.) margarine > MARGS. Also MARGE. | |
mark | A former monetary unit and coin in England and Scotland worth two thirds of a pound sterling > MARKS; (verb) to make a mark on > MARKS, MARKING, MARKED. | |
marl | A mixture of clays, carbonates and ground-up shells used as a fertilizer; (verb) to fertilise with marl > MARLS, MARLING, MARLED. | |
marm | A form of address to a woman, = ma'am > MARMS. | |
mars | (3rd.) MAR, to spoil. | |
mart | (Verb) (Shakespeare) to sell, trade > MARTS, MARTING, MARTED. | |
mary | (Aust. slang) a woman, esp. an aboriginal woman > MARIES. | |
masa | (Spanish) in Mexican cooking, a dough made from masa harina, ground, dried maize and used to make tamales etc > MASAS. [Sp. masa, dough, from L. massa, a lump]. | |
mase | To act as a MASER, a device used to amplify long-range radar and radio astronomy signals > MASES, MASING, MASED. | |
mash | To reduce to a pulpy mass > MASHES, MASHING, MASHED. | |
mask | A covering for the face, or the upper part of it, for concealment; (verb) to conceal with or as with a mask > MASKS, MASKING, MASKED. | |
mass | To assemble in a mass (a body of coherent matter) > MASSES, MASSING, MASSED. | |
mast | (Verb) to supply with a mast > MASTS, MASTING, MASTED. | |
masu | (Japanese) a Japanese salmon > MASUS. | |
mate | An infusion made from the leaves and shoot of a S. American shrub, aka Paraguay tea; (verb) to couple with > MATES, MATING, MATED. | |
math | Mathematics > MATHS. | |
mats | (3rd.) MAT, to form a tangle. | |
matt | A non-glossy surface, as on paint > MATTS. | |
maty | Friendly > MATIER, MATIEST; MATILY; (noun) a friend > MATIES. Also MATEY. | |
maud | A Scottish shepherd's woollen plaid > MAUDS. | |
maul | A war-club or mace; a heavy wooden hammer or beetle; (verb) to beat with a maul, to handle roughly > MAULS, MAULING, MAULED. | |
maun | (Dial.) must. | |
maut | (Scots) malt > MAUTS. | |
mawk | (ON) a maggot. [ON mathkr, maggot]. | |
mawn | (Pt.) MAW, to mow. | |
mawr | (Dial.) a girl, especially a great awkward girl > MAWRS. Also MAUTHER, MAWTHER. | |
maws | (3rd.) MAW, to mow. | |
maxi | A maxi garment > MAXIS. | |
maya | (Sanskrit) in Buddhist philosophy, the power to produce illusions > MAYAS. | |
mayo | (Abbr.) mayonnaise > MAYOS. | |
mays | (Pl.) MAY, hawthorn blossom. | |
maze | (Verb) to bewilder, confuse > MAZES, MAZING, MAZED. | |
mazy | Like a maze, winding > MAZIER, MAZIEST; MAZILY. | |
mead | Alcoholic liquor produced by fermenting a mixture of honey and water > MEADS. Also MEATH, MEATHE. | |
meal | (Verb) to cover with meal > MEALS, MEALING, MEALED. | |
mean | Low, humble > MEANER, MEANEST; MEANLY; (verb) to signify > MEANS, MEANING, MEANT. | |
meat | Animal flesh used as food > MEATS, MEATED. | |
mech | (Short for) mechanic > MECHS. | |
meck | (Scots) an old halfpenny > MECKS. Also MAIK, | |
meds | (Pl.) MED, medication. | |
meed | A fitting return or recompense > MEEDS. | |
meek | Submissive > MEEKER, MEEKEST; MEEKLY. | |
meer | (Verb) to mark off; to bound > MEERS, MEERING, MEERED. Also MERE, MEARE. | |
mees | (Pl.) MEE, in Malaysia, noodles or a dish containing noodles. | |
meet | Suitable > MEETER, MEETEST; MEETLY; (verb) to encounter > MEETS, MEETING, MET. | |
meff | (Dial.) a tramp, a worthless person > MEFFS. | |
mega | Very big. | |
megs | (Pl.) MEG, a halfpenny. | |
mein | (Shakesp.) to moan > MEINS, MEINING, MEINED. Also MEANE, MENE. | |
mela | (Hindi) in the Indian subcontinent, a Hindu festival or fair > MELAS. [Hindi, from Sanskrit mela, assembly]. | |
meld | To merge, blend > MELDS, MELDING, MELDED. | |
mell | (Shakesp.) to mix, to meddle > MELLS, MELLING, MELLED. | |
mels | (Pl.) MEL, honey. | |
melt | To change from a solid to a liquid state by heat > MELTS, MELTING, MELTED. | |
meme | In biology, a practice or belief passed on other than by genes > MEMES. | |
memo | A memorandum > MEMOS. | |
mems | (Pl.) MEM, a Hebrew letter. | |
mend | To repair > MENDS, MENDING, MENDED. | |
mene | (Obs.) to lament, moan > MENES, MENING, MENED. Also MEIN, MEANE. | |
meng | To mix; to unite, couple > MENGS, MENGING, MENT or MEINT or MEYNT. Also MING, MENGE. | |
meno | (Ital.) less. | |
ment | (Pt.) MENG, to mix. | |
menu | (Fr.) a list of dishes available > MENUS. | |
meou | To make a sound like a cat > MEOUS, MEOUING, MEOUED. Also MIAOW, MIAOU, MEOW, MIAUL. | |
meow | To make a sound like a cat > MEOWS, MEOWING, MEOWED. Also MIAOW, MEOU, MIAOU, MIAUL. | |
merc | (Abbr.) mercenary > MERCS or MERCES. | |
mere | Only > MERER, MEREST; MERELY; (verb) to mark off, divide > MERES, MERING, MERED. | |
meri | (Maori) a war-club > MERIS. | |
merk | An old Scotch silver coin > MERKS. | |
merl | A blackbird > MERLS. Also MERLE. | |
mesa | (Spanish) a flat-topped hill > MESAS. | |
mese | (Greek) in Greek music, the middle string of the lyre; its note > MESES. | |
mesh | To entangle > MESHES, MESHING, MESHED. | |
mess | To make dirty or untidy > MESSES, MESSING, MESSED. | |
meta | Pertaining to positions in benzene ring separated by one carbon atom. | |
mete | To distribute by measure > METES, METING, METED. | |
meth | A stimulant drug > METHS. | |
mets | (Pl.) MET, meteorology. | |
meus | (Pl.) MEU, the plant SPIGNEL. | |
meve | (Obs.) to move > MEVES, MEVING, MEVED. | |
mewl | To cry feebly, as a kitten > MEWLS, MEWLING, MEWLED. | |
mews | (Verb) to pass through a MEUSE > MEWSES, MEWSING, MEWSED. Also MEUSE, SMEUSE. | |
meze | (Turkish) a type of appetizer served in Greece > MEZES. [Turkish meze, a snack]. Also MEZZE. | |
mezz | Relating to an intermediate stage in a financial process. | |
mhos | (Pl.) MHO, a unit of electrical resistance. | |
mibs | (Pl.) MIB, a type of marble. | |
mica | A rock-forming mineral (muscovite, biotite, lepidolite, etc) with perfect basal cleavage > MICAS. | |
mice | (Pl.) MOUSE, a small rodent. | |
mich | To play truant > MICHES, MICHING, MICHED. Also MITCH. | |
mico | (Tupi) the black-tailed marmoset > MICOS. | |
mics | (Pl.) MIC, microphone. | |
midi | A skirt or coat that extends to the middle of the calf > MIDIS. | |
mids | (Pl.) MID, middle. | |
mien | (Fr.) air or look; manner > MIENS. | |
miff | A petty falling out; a tiff; (verb) to put in a bad mood, offend > MIFFS, MIFFING, MIFFED. | |
migg | A type of playing marble > MIGGS. Also MIG, MIB, MIGGLE. | |
migs | (Pl.) MIG, a type of playing marble. | |
miha | (Maori) a young fern frond that has not opened. No -S. | |
mihi | (Maori) a ceremonial greeting; (verb) to greet ceremonially > MIHIS, MIHIING, MIHIED. | |
mike | (Abbr.) microphone; (verb) to record by use of a microphone > MIKES, MIKING, MIKED. | |
mild | Gentle, not harsh > MILDER, MILDEST; MILDLY; (verb) to make or become mild > MILDS, MILDING, MILDED. | |
mile | A unit of linear measure, 1760 yards > MILES. | |
milf | A sexually attractive middle-aged woman > MILFS. | |
milk | To draw milk (a whitish, nutritious liquid) from the udder of > MILKS, MILKING, MILKED. | |
mill | To grind by mechanical means > MILLS, MILLING, MILLED. | |
milo | A drought-resistant variety of SORGHUM > MILOS. | |
mils | (Pl.) MIL, a Cypriot coin. | |
milt | The soft roe of a fish; (verb) of fish, to impregnate > MILTS, MILTING, MILTED. | |
mime | To mimic > MIMES, MIMING, MIMED. | |
mina | A Greek unit of weight or money > MINAS or MINAE. Also MNA, MANEH. | |
mind | To heed > MINDS, MINDING, MINDED. | |
mine | To dig into for valuable materials > MINES, MINING, MINED. | |
ming | To mix; to unite, couple > MINGS, MINGING, MINGED, MEINT, MEYNT, MENT. Also MENG, MENGE. | |
mini | Something distinctively smaller than others of its kind > MINIS. | |
mink | A carnivorous mammal > MINKS. | |
mino | (Japanese) a raincoat of hemp etc > MINOS. | |
mint | Any plant of the aromatic labiate genus Mentha; (verb) to coin, to invent > MINTS, MINTING, MINTED. | |
minx | A pert, sly, or flirtatious young woman; a hussy > MINXES. | |
miny | Abounding with mines; like a mine > MINIER, MINIEST. | |
mips | A million instruction per second. No MIP*. | |
mire | (Verb) to bog down > MIRES, MIRING, MIRED. | |
miri | (Pl.) MIR, a Russian farming community. | |
mirk | Dark, gloomy > MIRKER, MIRKEST; (noun) darkness, gloom > MIRKS. Also MURK. | |
miro | (Maori) a tall coniferous tree of New Zealand > MIRO. No -S. | |
mirs | (Pl.) MIR, a Muslim ruler. | |
mirv | (Military slang) to provide with MIRV capabilities, i.e. missiles containing many thermonuclear warheads > MIRVS, MIRVING, MIRVED. | |
miry | Abounding with deep mud; full of mire > MIRIER, MIRIEST. | |
mise | The issue in a writ of right > MISES. | |
miso | (Japanese) a paste, used in flavouring, prepared from soya beans and fermented in brine > MISOS. | |
miss | To fail to make contact with > MISSES, MISSING, MISSED. | |
mist | To become blurry > MISTS, MISTING, MISTED. | |
mite | Any of various tiny arachnids of the order Acarida, many of which carry disease, smaller than ticks and, unlike them, not always parasitic in habits > MITES. | |
mitt | Any of various glovelike hand coverings, such as one that does not cover the fingers > MITTS. Also MITTEN. | |
mity | Infested with mites > MITIER, MITIEST. | |
mixt | (Obs.) pt. MIX. | |
mixy | Mixed > MIXIER, MIXIEST. | |
mizz | (Coll.) short form of misery. Also MIZ. | |
mnas | (Pl.) MNA, a Greek unit of weight or money. | |
moai | (Rapanui) any of the gigantic stone statues of Easter Island > MOAI. No -S. | |
moan | To utter a low, mournful sound > MOANS, MOANING, MOANED. | |
moas | (Pl.) MOA, an ostrich-like New Zealand bird, extinct for over a century. | |
moat | (Verb) to surround with a moat > MOATS, MOATING, MOATED. | |
mobe | (Sl.) a mobile phone > MOBES. Also MOBIE, MOBY. | |
mobs | (3rd.) MOB, to form into a mob. | |
moby | (Sl.) a mobile phone > MOBIES. Also MOBE, MOBIE. | |
moch | (Scots) misty or humid weather > MOCHS. | |
mock | To ridicule > MOCKS, MOCKING, MOCKED. | |
mocs | (Pl.) MOC, moccasin. | |
mode | A method of doing or acting > MODES. | |
modi | (Pl.) MODUS, the terms of a conveyance. | |
mods | (Pl.) MOD, a Highland Gaelic festival. | |
moer | (S. Afr.) a despicable person; (verb) to attack someone > MOERS, MOERING, MOERED. | |
moes | (Pl.) MOE, a wry face. | |
mofo | (US) a motherfucker > MOFOS. | |
mogs | (3rd.) MOG, to move away, jog. | |
moho | a boundary separating the earth's crust and the mantle > MOHOS. | |
mohr | (Arabic) a West African gazelle > MOHRS. Also MHORR. | |
moil | to drudge > MOILS, MOILING, MOILED. [Anglo-French moiller, to make wet, dampen, with the idea of toiling in mud]. Also MOYLE. | |
moit | (Dial.) = MOTE, a foreign particle in wool > MOITS. | |
mojo | (US slang) magic > MOJOS or MOJOES. | |
moke | A donkey > MOKES. | |
moki | (Maori) a New Zealand sea fish > MOKIS. | |
moko | (Maori) a system of tattooing > MOKOS. | |
mola | (Cuna) a brightly-coloured applique or embroidered panel made by Cuna Indian women of Panama > MOLAS. | |
mold | (US) to mould > MOLDS, MOLDING, MOLDED. | |
mole | The quantity of a compound that has a weight equal to the compound's molecular weight > MOLES. | |
moll | A gangster's girlfriend > MOLLS. | |
mols | (Pl.) MOL, the chemical term. | |
molt | To moult > MOLTS, MOLTING, MOLTED. | |
moly | A magical herb given by Hermes to Odysseus against the charms of Circe; a species of wild onion > MOLIES. | |
mome | (Shakesp.) a stupid person > MOMES. | |
momi | (Pl.) MOMUS, a satirist, a critic. | |
moms | (Pl.) MOM, mother. | |
mona | (Spanish) a kind of West African monkey > MONAS. | |
mong | (Dial.) a throng or crowd; a mixture > MONGS. | |
monk | A man who is a member of a secluded religious order > MONKS. | |
mono | The black howler monkey of Central America > MONOS. | |
mons | (Lat.) a protuberance of the body > MONTES. | |
mony | (Scots) many. Also MONIE. | |
mood | A person's emotional state at a particular moment > MOODS. | |
mooi | (Afrikaans) fine. | |
mook | (Japanese) a book produced in magazine format > MOOKS. | |
mool | (Scots) mould > MOOLS. | |
moon | The satellite of a planet; (verb) to spend time idly > MOONS, MOONED, MOONING. | |
moop | (Scots) to nibble, munch > MOOPS, MOOPING, MOOPED. Also MOUP. | |
moor | To secure a vessel by means of cables > MOORS, MOORING, MOORED. | |
moos | (3rd.) MOO, to low. | |
moot | (Adj.) debatable > MOOT, MOOTEST; (verb) to debate > MOOTS, MOOTING, MOOTED. | |
mope | To act in a dejected or gloomy manner > MOPES, MOPING, MOPED. | |
mops | (3rd.) MOP, to clean with a mop. | |
mopy | Moping > MOPIER, MOPIEST. Also MOPEY. | |
mora | (Lat.) a unit of metrical time in prosody > MORAE or MORAS. A game of guessing how many fingers are held up > MORAS. | |
more | A greater amount > MORES. | |
morn | Morning > MORNS. | |
mors | (Pl.) MOR, a type of humus. | |
mort | The note sounded on a hunting horn when an animal is killed > MORTS. | |
mose | (Shakesp.) a doubtful verb, applied to some disease in a horse > MOSES, MOSING, MOSED. | |
mosh | A type of dance performed to loud rock music; (verb) to dance in this manner > MOSHES, MOSHING, MOSHED. | |
mosk | (Arabic) an Islamic temple > MOSKS. Also MOSQUE. | |
moss | (Verb) to cover with moss > MOSSES, MOSSING, MOSSED. | |
most | The greatest part of > MOSTEST but not MOSTER*. | |
mote | A speck of dust > MOTES, MOTED; (verb) may, must > MOSTE, MOTEN. | |
moth | A winged insect > MOTHS, MOTHED. | |
moti | (Hinglish) a fat woman or girl > MOTIS. | |
mots | (Pl.) MOT, a word, a pithy saying. | |
mott | (SW US) a clump of trees, esp. on a prairie > MOTTS. | |
motu | (Maori) a small reef island in the Pacific > MOTU or MOTUS. | |
moue | (Fr.) a disdainful or pouting look > MOUES. | |
moup | (Scots) to nibble, munch > MOUPS, MOUPING, MOUPED. Also MOOP. | |
mous | (Pl.) MOU, mouth. | |
move | To change from one position to another > MOVES, MOVING, MOVED. | |
mowa | (Hindi) a kind of butter-tree with edible flowers > MOWAS. Also MOWRA, MAHUA, MAHWA. | |
mown | (Pt.) MOW, to cut the grass on. | |
mows | (3rd.) MOW, to cut the grass on. | |
moxa | (Japanese) a soft woolly mass prepared from the young leaves of Artemisia chinensis, and used as a cautery by burning it on the skin > MOXAS. [Japanese mogusa]. | |
moya | Volcanic mud > MOYAS. | |
moyl | (Obs.) a mule. Also MOYLE. | |
moys | (Pl.) MOY, an old coin. | |
moze | To raise the nap of a fabric with a gig > MOZES, MOZING, MOZED. | |
mozo | A manual labourer > MOZOS. | |
mozz | (Aus. sl.) bad luck. Also MOZ. | |
much | Plentiful > MUCHLY; (noun) a great deal > MUCHES. | |
muck | To fertilize with manure > MUCKS, MUCKING, MUCKED. | |
muds | (3rd.) MUD, to bury in mud, to plaster with mud. | |
muff | An open-ended cylinder of fur or cloth into which the hands are placed for warmth; (verb) to make a mess of, fail to catch > MUFFS, MUFFING, MUFFED. | |
mugg | To make funny faces > MUGGS, MUGGING, MUGGED. | |
mugs | (3rd.) MUG, to attack from behind. | |
muid | (Dutch) a Dutch or (now esp.) South African dry measure of capacity > MUIDS. | |
muil | (Scots) a backless slipper, a mule. | |
muir | (Scots) a moor > MUIRS. | |
mule | (Verb) to strike (a coin) from dies belonging to two different issues > MULES, MULING, MULED. | |
mull | A light fabric; (verb) to ponder over, study > MULLS, MULLING, MULLED. | |
mumm | To sport or make diversion in a mask or disguise; to mask > MUMMS, MUMMING, MUMMED. | |
mump | To move the lips with the mouth closed; to mumble, as in sulkiness > MUMPS, MUMPING, MUMPED. | |
mums | (3rd.) MUM, to act in a mime. | |
mumu | (Hawaiian) a long loose dress > MUMUS. Also MUUMUU. | |
mung | To process computer data > MUNGS, MUNGING, MUNGED. | |
muni | A security issued by a municipal government > MUNIS. | |
muns | (Pl.) MUN, a fellow. | |
muon | A subatomic particle > MUONS. | |
mura | (Japanese) a Japanese village > MURAS. | |
mure | To wall up the doors of; to stop (up) the means of access to > MURES, MURING, MURED. | |
murk | Dark, gloomy, obscure > MURKER, MURKEST; MURKLY; (noun) darkness, gloom > MURKS. Also MIRK. | |
murl | (Scots) to crumble > MURLS, MURLING, MURLED. | |
murr | A guillemot, an auk > MURRS. Also MURRE. | |
muse | To ponder > MUSES, MUSING, MUSED. | |
mush | Meal, esp cornmeal, boiled in water or milk until thick; (verb) to reduce to mush > MUSHES, MUSHING, MUSHED. | |
musk | (Verb) to perfume with musk > MUSKS, MUSKING, MUSKED. | |
muso | (Sl.) a musician > MUSOS. | |
muss | To disarrange, to mess > MUSSES, MUSSING, MUSSED. Also MUSSE. | |
must | (Scots) a musk, hair-powder; (verb) to powder > MUSTS, MUSTING, MUSTED. Also MUIST. | |
mute | Characterized by an absence of speech > MUTER, MUTEST; MUTELY; (verb) to deaden the sound of > MUTES, MUTING, MUTED. | |
muti | (Zulu) a traditional medicine, associated with witch-doctors > MUTIS. [Zulu umuthi tree, plant, medicine]. | |
muts | (Pl.) MUT, a mongrel dog. | |
mutt | (US) a blockhead; a dog > MUTTS. Also MUT. | |
muzz | (Coll.) to make muzzy > MUZZES, MUZZING, MUZZED. | |
mwah | A representation of the sound of a kiss. | |
myal | Relating to MYALISM, a magic cult among West Indian blacks. | |
mycs | (Pl.) MYC, a cancer-causing gene. | |
myna | (Hindi) an Asiatic bird of the starling family > MYNAS. [Hindi maina]. Also MYNAH, MINA. | |
myth | A type of traditional story > MYTHS. | |
myxo | (Aust. sl.) myxomatosis > MYXOS. | |
mzee | (Swahili) an old person > MZEES. |