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Culture > Philosophy


Now updated for CSW15. New words, if any, and new inflections of existing words, are shown in red.


absurd irrational (noun) the state or condition in which human life has no meaning
absurdism the doctrine that we live in an irrational universe.
absurdist a person holding the doctrine of absurdism.
absurdity the quality of being absurd.
academicism the doctrine that nothing can be known.
academism the doctrines of the Academic philosophy.
academist a person belonging to an academy or society.
acatalepsy the sceptic doctrine that knowledge cannot be certain.
acataleptic a person who suspends judgment in the belief that certainty is impossible.
accidentalism the theory that events do not have causes.
activism a philosophy of creative will.
activistic relating to activism.
actualist a person who deals with or considers actual facts.
aesthetic keenly appreciative of the beautiful.
aesthetical keenly appreciative of the beautiful.
aesthetically (Adv.) AESTHETICAL, keenly appreciative of the beautiful.
aestheticism the doctrine that beauty is central to other moral principles.
aestheticist an adherent of aestheticism.
aesthetics the principles of taste and art; the philosophy of the fine arts.
agathodaimon (Greek) one's good genius; the good part of one's conscience.
alethic pertaining to truth or possibility.
allness totality, completeness.
alogical outside the domain of logic.
alogically (Adv.) ALOGICAL, outside the domain of logic.
altruism selfless devotion to the welfare of others.
altruist one that practices altruism.
altruistic relating to altruism.
altruistically (Adv.) ALTRUISTIC, relating to altruism.
amoralism the refusal to recognize the validity of any system of morality.
amoralist a practitioner of amoralism, the refusal to recognize the validity of any system of morality.
ampliative amplificatory; spec. (Logic) enlarging a simple conception by predicating of it something which is not directly implied in it (now chiefly in ampliative induction).
ananke (Greek) necessity, the power of fate.
anima (Lat.) the soul, the innermost part of the personality.
animalism physicality; the state of being actuated by mere animal appetites.
animalist a person who believes in animalism.
anomic in a state lacking social order and norms.
antetype something which a type or symbol represents.
antihumanism opposition to humanism.
antilogy a contradiction.
antimaterialism opposition to materialism.
antimaterialist one who is opposed to materialism.
antinomic relating to, or of the nature of, an antinomy, a contradiction between two logical conclusions.
antinomical relating to, or of the nature of, an antinomy, a contradiction between two logical conclusions.
antinomically (Adv.) ANTINOMICAL, relating to an antinomy.
antinomy a contradiction between two logical conclusions.
antitheism the doctrine of antitheists.
antitypal relating to an antitype, an object or person prefigured by the type or symbol.
antitype something which a type or symbol represents.
antitypic relating to an antitype, something which a type or symbol represents.
antitypical relating to an antitype, an object or person prefigured by the type or symbol.
antitypically (Adv.) ANTITYPICAL, relating to an antitype.
apagoge proof by showing the falsehood of the opposite.
apagogic pertaining to apagoge, proof by showing the falsehood of the opposite.
apagogical proving indirectly, by showing the absurdity, or impossibility of the contrary.
apagogically (Adv.) APAGOGIC, proving indirectly, by showing the absurdity, or impossibility of the contrary.
apolaustic the philosophy of the pleasurable.
apollonian in the philosophy of Nietzsche, denoting or relating to the set of static qualities that encompass form, reason, harmony.
apotheosis a perfect example of its type.
apotheosise to bring to perfection.
apotheosize to bring to perfection.
apriorism an a priori principle.
apriorist a person who believes in Kant's theory of a priori cognition.
apriority the quality of being innate in the mind, or prior to experience.
archaeus the vital principle or force which (according to the Paracelsians) presides over the growth and continuation of living beings.
archeus the vital principle or force which (according to the Paracelsians) presides over the growth and continuation of living beings.
ascesis (Greek) the practice of self-discipline.
aseity underived or independent existence.
askesis (Greek) the practice of self-discipline.
ataraxia tranquility; freedom from anxiety.
ataraxy tranquillity; freedom from anxiety.
atheology antagonism to theology.
atomism the belief that the universe consists of small indivisible particles.
atomist an adherent of atomism, the belief that the universe consists of small indivisible particles.
atomistical relating to atomism.
autotelic being an end in itself, or its own justification.
axiological relating to axiology, the science of the ultimate nature of values.
axiologically (Adv.) AXIOLOGICAL, relating to axiology, the science of the ultimate nature of values.
axiologist one who studies ultimate values.
axiology the science of the ultimate nature of values.
axiom a self-evident truth.
axiomatic indisputably true, self-evident.
axiomatical indisputably true, self-evident.
axiomatically (Adv.) AXIOMATICAL, indisputably true, self-evident.
beingness a state of being.
bonism the doctrine that the world is good but not perfect.
bonist one who holds the doctrine of bonism.
casualism the belief that chance governs all things.
casuist a sophist who insists on debating the smallest details.
casuistic relating to casuistry, plausible but flawed moral reasoning.
casuistry plausible but flawed moral reasoning.
categoric positive; absolute.
categorical positive; absolute.
categorically (Adv.) CATEGORICAL, positive, absolute.
causality the relationship between cause and effect.
causationism the principle of universal causation.
causationist a believer in causationism.
centrism the philosophy of avoiding extremes.
centrist one who adheres to the tenets of centrism, avoidance of extremes.
cerebralism the theory that all mental operations originate in the brain.
cerebralist an adherent of cerebralism.
chaos (Greek) the state of matter before the universe was reduced to order; disorder; shapeless mass.
choplogic false reasoning, sophistry.
cogito (Lat.) a philosophical principle enunciated by Descartes.
cognitivism the meta-ethical thesis that moral judgments state facts and so are either true or false.
concedo (Lat.) in logic, I admit, I yield.
conceptualism the doctrine in philosophy that universals exist only in the mind.
conceptualist an adherent to the tenets of conceptualism or of conceptual art.
conceptualistic relating to conceptualism.
contra (Lat.) against; (noun) an argument against.
contrapositive an immediate inference, which consists in denying the original subject of the contradictory of the original predicate.
convertend in logic, the proposition as it stands before conversion.
coreferential of more than one linguistic expression, designating the same individual or class.
corollary an easy inference; a natural consequence or result.
cosmism the belief that the cosmos is a self-existing whole.
cosmist one who adheres to cosmism, the belief that the cosmos is a self-existing whole.
cosmothetic assuming an external world.
cosmothetical assuming an external world.
cynic someone who takes a pessimistic view of human motives and actions.
cynical distrusting the motives of others.
cynically (Adv.) CYNICAL, distrusting the motives of others.
cynicism cynical quality.
datum (Lat.) a given fact.
defeasibility the quality of being defeasible.
deontic pertaining to deontics, the study of ethics.
deontics the science of duty, ethics.
deontological relating to deontology, the theory or study of moral obligation.
deontologist a student of deontology.
deontology the theory or study of moral obligation.
descriptivism a theory of ethics by which only empirical statements are acceptable.
descriptivist relating to descriptivism, a theory of ethics by which only empirical statements are acceptable.
destructivism the theory that a part of a whole may be considered a principle part if the destruction of that part would lead to the destruction of the whole.
deteriorism the doctrine that the world grows worse.
determinism the doctrine that all things, including the will, are determined by causes.
determinist a believer in determinism.
deterministic relating to determinism.
dialectic relating to discourse or to dialectics; (noun) the art of arriving at the truth by disclosing the contradictions in the opponent's argument and overcoming them.
dialectical relating to the dialectic, the art of arriving at the truth by disclosing the contradictions in the opponent's argument and overcoming them.
dialectically (Adv.) DIALECTICAL, relating to the dialectic, the art of arriving at the truth by disclosing the contradictions in the opponent's argument and overcoming them.
dialogism deduction with one premise and a disjunctive conclusion.
dianoia perception or experience as inferior forms of knowledge.
dichotomic of or like a dichotomy.
dichotomy division into two usually contradictory parts or opinions.
differentia a property which distinguishes one from another.
dilemma a position where each of two alternative courses (or of all the feasible courses) is eminently undesirable.
dilemmatic relating to a dilemma.
dilemmic of or like a dilemma.
dioristic serving to distinguish.
dioristical serving to distinguish.
dioristically (Adv.) DIORISTIC, serving to distinguish.
disjunct disjoined; (noun) one of the propositions in a disjunction.
dogma (Greek) a settled opinion, a principle or belief.
dogmatology the science of dogma.
dogmatory relating to dogma, a settled opinion, a principle or belief.
doxographic relating to doxography.
doxography the compilation of opinions on philosophers.
dualist an adherent of dualism.
dualistic consisting of two; pertaining to dualism.
dualistically (Adv.) DUALISTIC, consisting of two; pertaining to dualism.
duality the state or condition of being dual or having two parts or natures.
dynamist one who accounts for material phenomena by a theory of dynamics.
educt that which is educed, as by analysis.
egoism the doctrine that the pursuit of self-interest is the highest good.
egoistically (Adv.) EGOISTICAL, relating to or displaying egoism.
eidolic like an eidolon, an unsubstantial image, a phantom.
eidolon (Greek) an unsubstantial image, a phantom.
eidos (Greek) the formal sum of a culture, its intellectual character, ideas.
elench (Obs.) that part of an argument on which its conclusiveness depends.
elenchic relating to an elenchus, that part of an argument on which its conclusiveness depends.
elenchus (Lat.) a refutation.
eliminativism the theory that people's commonsense understanding of the mind is false.
emergent emerging (noun) an effect produced by a combination of causes but unable to be seen as the sum of their individual effects
emergently (Adv.) EMERGENT, emergent.
emotivism the theory that moral statements are inherently biased.
empiric based on experience (noun) one who follows an empirical method; one who relies upon practical experience
empirical relying on or derived from observation or experiment; guided by practical experience rather than theory (noun) in statistics, the posterior probability of an event
empirically (Adv.) EMPIRICAL, relying on or derived from observation or experiment.
empiricism pursuit of knowledge by observation and experiment.
empiricist an empiric.
ens being, existence; an entity.
entelechy perfect realization as opposed to a potentiality.
epagoge (Greek) induction.
epagogic inductive.
epicheirema a syllogism confirmed by an incidental proposition.
epicure one with refined tastes, who engages in sensuous living.
epicurean devoted to luxury; (noun) someone who believes that avoidance of pain is the greatest good.
epicureanism a Greek philosophy holding that freedom from pain is the highest good.
epicurise (Arch.) to act as an epicure.
epicurism the doctrines of Epicurus.
epicurize (Arch.) to act as an epicure.
epiphenomenon a secondary phenomenon associated with and apparently due to another.
epistemological relating to epistemology.
epistemologist a student of epistemology.
epistemology the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of knowledge.
escapism escape from (esp unpleasant) reality.
escapist one who indulges in escapism.
esemplasy the unifying power of imagination.
esse (Lat.) actual existence, essence.
essentialism a belief that the variation of nature can be reduced to a limited number of basic classes.
essentialist a believer in essentialism.
esthetic keenly appreciative of the beautiful.
estheticism the doctrine that beauty is central to other moral principles.
esthetics the principles of taste and art; the philosophy of the fine arts.
eternalist one who holds the existence of matter to be from eternity.
ethician an ethicist, a specialist in ethics.
ethicism the tendency to moralize or ethicise.
ethicist one who is versed in ethics, or has written on ethics.
ethos (Greek) the distinguishing character, sentiment, moral nature or guiding beliefs of a people or group.
etiological relating to etiology, the study of causes.
eudaemonia happiness or wellbeing; in Aristotelian philosophy, a full, active life governed by reason.
eudaemonic relating to eudaemonism, the theory that the highest ethical goal is happiness and personal well-being.
eudaemonics the art or theory of happiness.
eudaemonism the theory that the highest ethical goal is happiness and personal wellbeing.
eudaemonist a student of eudemonics, the art or theory of happiness.
eudaemonistic relating to eudaemonism, the theory that the highest ethical goal is happiness and personal wellbeing.
eudaemonistical relating to eudaemonism, the theory that the highest ethical goal is happiness and personal wellbeing.
eudaimonism the theory that the highest ethical goal is happiness and personal wellbeing.
eudemonia happiness esp that resulting from a rational active life.
eudemonic relating to eudemonia.
eudemonics the art or theory of happiness.
eudemonism the theory that the highest ethical goal is happiness and personal wellbeing.
eudemonist a student of eudemonics, the art or theory of happiness.
eudemonistic relating to eudemonism, ethics evaluating morality in terms of ability to promote happiness.
eudemonistical relating to eudemonism, ethics evaluating morality in terms of ability to promote happiness.
eutaxy (Greek) good or established order or arrangement.
existentialism the doctrine of individual human responsibility in an unfathomable universe.
existentialist an adherent of existentialism, the doctrine of individual human responsibility in an unfathomable universe.
experientialism the doctrine that knowledge comes from experience.
experientialist a believer in experientialism, the doctrine that knowledge comes from experience.
extramundane beyond the known universe.
fallacy a false idea.
fallibilism the doctrine that empirical knowledge is uncertain.
fallibilist one who holds to the doctrine that empirical knowledge is uncertain.
falsism a self-evident falsity.
fatalism the doctrine that events are fixed and humans are powerless.
fatalist a believer in fatalism.
fatalistic related to fatalism.
fatalistically (Adv.) FATALISTIC, related to fatalism.
finalism a belief in an inherent trend in the natural world towards some preordained final goal or purpose.
finalistic relating to finalism, a belief in an inherent trend in the natural world towards some preordained final goal or purpose.
finitist an advocate of finitism.
freethinker one who forms opinions on the basis of reason independently of authority.
freethinking thought not tied to any doctrine.
freewill voluntary. No -S.
fundamentalist an exponent of fundamentalism.
futilitarian one who believes that human striving is futile.
futilitarianism the belief that human striving is futile.
geist (Ger.) spirit; intellectual inclination.
generale (Lat.) a general principle.
gnoseology the philosophy of knowledge.
gnosiology the philosophy of knowledge.
gnosis (Greek) knowledge; esp spiritual.
gnostical having knowledge.
gnostically (Adv.) GNOSTICAL, having knowledge.
gnosticism the belief that freedom derives solely from knowledge.
gradualism the belief that things proceed by degrees.
gradualist one who adheres to the doctrine of gradualism.
gradualistic relating to gradualism, the belief that things proceed by degrees.
haecceity the quality that makes a thing describable as 'this'; particular character, individuality.
hedonic relating to hedonism.
hedonically (Adv.) HEDONIC, relating to hedonism.
hedonics the doctrine of pleasure; that part of ethics which treats of pleasure.
hedonism the belief that pleasure is the highest good.
hedonist one who believes that pleasure is the chief good in life.
hedonistic following the doctrines of hedonism, that avoidance of pain is the supreme good.
hedonistically (Adv.) HEDONISTIC, following the doctrines of hedonism.
hermeneutical interpretive or explanatory.
hermeneutically (Adv.) HERMENEUTICAL, interpretive.
hermeneutics the study of the methodological principles of interpretation.
hermeneutist an exponent of hermeneutics, an interpreter.
hermeticism a system of ideas based on hermetic teachings.
hermetism a system of ideas based on hermetic teachings.
hermetist an adherent of hermetism, a system of ideas based on hermetic teachings.
heterodox holding unorthodox opinions or doctrines.
heterodoxy a heterodox opinion.
heuretic of or relating to exploratory problem-solving methods that utilize self-educating techniques to improve performance.
heuretics the art of discovery in logic; education by encouraging pupils to learn for themselves.
heurism the heuristic method or principle in education.
heuristic of or relating to exploratory problem-solving methods that utilize self-educating techniques to improve performance (noun) the art of discovery in logic
heuristically (Adv.) HEURISTIC, of or relating to exploratory problem-solving methods that utilize self-educating techniques to improve performance.
heuristics the art of discovery in logic; education by encouraging pupils to learn for themselves.
historicism the belief that all phenomena are historically determined.
historicist a believer in historicism.
historism the belief that all phenomena are historically determined.
holism the philosophical theory that a complex system is more than the sum of its parts.
holist a believer in holism.
holistic considering the whole eg holistic medicine.
humanism the belief that human interests and mind are paramount.
humanist one who studies human nature.
humanistic relating to humanism.
humanistically (Adv.) HUMANISTIC, relating to humanism.
hylic material, corporeal.
hylicism materialism.
hylicist one who holds the doctrine of hylism, materialism.
hylism materialism.
hylist one who holds the doctrine of hylism, materialism.
hyloist one who holds the doctrine of hylism, materialism.
hylomorphism the belief that matter is the cause of the universe.
hylotheism the doctrine that there is no God but matter and the universe.
hylotheist one who identifies God with matter or universe.
hylozoic of or pertaining to hylozoism, the doctrine that all matter is endowed with life.
hylozoism the doctrine that all matter is endowed with life.
hylozoist one who maintains the doctrine of hylozoism, that all matter is endowed with life.
hylozoistic relating to the belief that all matter has life.
hylozoistically (Adv.) HYLOZOISTIC, relating to the belief that all matter has life.
hypostasis an underlying reality, substance, as opp. to attributes ('accidents') or as distinguished from what is unsubstantial.
hypostatic relating to hypostasis.
hypostatical relating to hypostasis.
hypostatically (Adv.) HYPOSTATICAL, relating to hypostasis.
hypostatize to treat as hypostasis, to personify.
hypothesis a supposition, an assumption.
hypothesise to form a hypothesis.
hypothetise to form a hypothesis.
hypothetize to form a hypothesis.
idealism the pursuit of noble goals.
idealist an adherent of idealism.
ideality the state of being ideal.
idealogy a belief system.
ideatum objective reality with which human ideas are supposed to correspond.
ideologic relating to or concerned with ideology.
ideologist a supporter of a particular ideology.
ideology a belief system.
idolum (Lat.) a mental image; a logical fallacy.
iff 'If and only if' as used in logic.
illation the act of inferring from premises.
illogic the contrary of logic.
illusionism the doctrine that the external world is illusory.
illusionistic relating to illusionism, the doctrine that the external world is illusory.
immanence the state of being immanent.
immanency the state of being immanent.
immaterialism the doctrine that there is no material substance.
immaterialist an exponent of immaterialism.
implicature the act of implying a meaning other than the literal meaning of a statement.
inbeing inherence; inherent existence.
indeterminism the theory that denies determinism.
indeterminist a believer in indeterminism.
indeterministic relating to indeterminism.
individuum (Lat.) an indivisible entity; an individual person.
inherence the state of inhering.
inherency the state of inhering.
inhesion the state of being inherent.
inscape the inward essential unique quality of an observed object as embodied in literary, artistic, etc. expression.
interactionism the belief that mind and body act on each other.
interactionist a belieer in interactionism, the belief that mind and body act on each other.
intuitionalism the doctrine that the perception of truth is by intuition; a philosophical system which stresses intuition and mysticism as opposed to the idea of a logical universe.
intuitionalist a believer in intuitionalism.
intuitionism the belief that the perception of truth is by intuition.
intuitionist a believer in intuitionism.
irrationalism a system emphasizing intuition, instinct, feeling, or faith rather than reason or holding that the universe is governed by irrational forces.
irrationalist an upholder of irrationalism.
laxism the belief that an unlikely opinion may be safely followed.
laxist a person holding loose notions of moral laws.
logicise to argue.
logicize to argue.
logocentrism a philosophy holding that all forms of thought are based on an external point of reference which is held to exist and given a certain degree of authority.
maieutic (Greek) of or relating to the Socratic method of eliciting knowledge by a series of questions and answers.
maieutical of or relating to the Socratic method of eliciting knowledge by a series of questions and answers.
maieutics the Socratic mode of enquiry, serving to bring out a person's latent ideas into clear consciousness.
malism the belief that the world is evil.
materialism the belief that matter is the only extant substance.
materialistic related to materialism.
materialistical related to materialism.
mathematicism the belief that everything can be described or explained ultimately in mathematical terms.
mathesis mental discipline; learning or wisdom.
mechanicalism the belief that phenomena are determined by physical forces.
mechanism the belief that life is explainable by mechanical forces.
mechanist an adherent of mechanism, the belief that life is explainable by mechanical forces.
mechanistic relating to mechanism.
mechanistically (Adv.) MECHANISTIC, relating to mechanism.
mechanomorphism the doctrine that the universe is fully explicable in mechanistic terms.
meliorism the belief that the world tends to become better and that humans can aid its betterment.
meliorist a proponent of meliorism.
mentalism the belief that the world can be explained as an aspect of the mind.
mentalist a proponent of mentalism, the belief that the world can be explained as aspect of the mind.
mereological related to mereology, the formal study of the logical properties of the relation between part and whole.
mereology the formal study of the logical properties of the relation between part and whole.
metaethical relating to metaethics, the study of matters beyond ethics.
metaethics the study of matters beyond ethics.
metaphysic the branch of philosophy which investigates the first principles of nature and thought.
metatheoretical relating to metatheory.
metatheory philosophical discussion of the foundations, structure, or results of some theory, such as metamathematics.
metempiric transcending but associated with empirical knowledge.
metempirical beyond the scope of knowledge.
metempirically (Adv.) METEMPIRICAL, beyond the scope of knowledge.
metempiricism the study of metempiric ideas.
metempiricist one who studies metempirics.
metempirics the study of the existence of things beyond the scope of experience.
microcosm the world of human nature (as opp. to all nature); humanity viewed as an epitome of the universe.
microcosmic of or like a microcosm.
microcosmical of or like a microcosm.
minimism the inclination to reduce a dogma to the least possible.
minimist one inclined to reduce a dogma to the least possible.
monadism the theory that there exist ultimate units of being.
monadistic relating to monadism, the theory that there exist ultimate units of being.
monadology the doctrine or theory of monads.
monism the philosophical belief that matter, mind, etc., consist of one substance only, which is the only reality.
monist a believer in monism, the philosophical belief that matter, mind, etc., consist of one substance only.
monistic of, pertaining to, or involving, monism, the philosophical belief that matter, mind, etc. consist of one substance only.
monistical of, pertaining to, or involving, monism.
monistically (Adv.) MONISTICAL, of, pertaining to, or involving, monism.
moralist a person who seeks to regulate the morals of others or to imbue others with a sense of morality.
nativism the belief that the mind possesses inborn thoughts.
nativist an advocate of nativism, the belief that the mind possesses inborn thoughts.
nativistic relating to nativism.
naturalism the belief that the world can be explained in terms of natural forces.
necessarian a fatalist.
necessarianism the theory that actions are determined by prior history; fatalism.
necessitarian a fatalist.
neoteric recent in origin, modern (noun) a modern writer or philosopher
neovitalism the theory or belief that complete causal explanation of vital phenomena cannot be reached without invoking some extra-material concept.
neovitalist a supporter of neovitalism.
nomic pertaining to or concerned with a discoverable scientific or logical law.
nominalism the doctrine that naming of things defines reality.
nominalist one of a sect of philosophers in the Middle Ages, who adopted the opinion of Roscelin, that general conceptions, or universals, exist in name only.
nominalistic relating to nominalism.
nomism the view that moral conduct consists in observance of laws.
noosphere the sum of human knowledge, thought and culture.
noumenal of or pertaining to the noumenon; real as opposed to phenomenal.
noumenalism kant's philosophy of the noumenon.
noumenalist a believer in noumenalism.
noumenality the state of being noumenal.
noumenally (Adv.) NOUMENAL,real, as opposed to phenomenal.
noumenon (Greek) an object of purely intellectual intuition as opposed to an object of sensuous perception phenomenon.
nous (Greek) pure intellect; reason; commonsense.
objectivism the doctrine that reality is real.
objectivist a believer in objectivism, the doctrine that reality is real.
objectivistic relating to objectivism.
obscurantism opposition to the spread of knowledge; deliberate vagueness or abstruseness.
occasionalism the Cartesian explanation of the apparent interaction of mind and matter by the direct intervention of God on the occasion of certain changes occurring in one or the other.
occasionalist a believer in occasionalism.
odism belief in the od.
odyl the vital force.
odyle the vital force.
odylism belief in the odyl or od.
omneity allness.
omniety allness, the condition of being all.
ontic having real being or existence.
ontically (Adv.) ONTIC, having real being or existence.
operationalism the theory that defines scientific concepts by means of the operations used to prove or determine them.
operationism the theory that defines scientific concepts by means of the operations used to prove or determine them.
operationist an adherent of operationism.
optimism a disposition to look or the favorable side of things.
organicism the conception of life or society as an organism.
organicist a believer in organicism.
organicistic related to organicism, the conception of life or society as an organism.
organicity the state of life or society as an organism.
organon (Greek) a method of philosophical or scientific investigation.
organum (Lat.) a method of philosophical or scientific investigation.
pancosmic pertaining to pancosmism, the theory that the material universe is all that exists.
pancosmism the theory that the material universe is all that exists.
panlogism the theory that the Universe is an outward manifestation of the Logos.
panpsychism the theory that all nature has a psychic side.
panpsychist a believer in panpsychism.
panpsychistic relating to panpsychism, the theory that all nature has a psychic side.
pansophic relating to pansophy, knowledge of everything.
pansophical relating to pansophy, knowledge of everything.
pansophically (Adv.) PANSOPHICAL, relating to pansophy, knowledge of everything.
pansophism the claim to know everything.
pansophist one who claims to know everything.
pansophy (Greek) knowledge of everything.
paradigm an example that serves as a pattern or model.
paradigmatic in the form of a paradigm.
paradigmatical in the form of a paradigm.
paradoxist one who proposes a paradox.
parallelism the belief that matter and mind don't interact but relate.
parallelistic related to parallelism, the belief that matter and mind don't interact but relate.
paralogism false reasoning.
paralogist a practitioner of paralogism.
paralogistic of or like paralogism, false reasoning.
paralogy false reasoning.
passivism the doctrine of being passive.
passivist one who believes in passivism, the doctrine of being passive.
pathetics the branch of knowledge that deals with human emotions.
perfectibilian a believer in the perfectibility of mankind.
perfectibilism the doctrine that humans capable of becoming perfect.
perfectibilist a believer in the perfectibility of mankind.
perpetualism a belief in the perpetual continuance of things.
perpetualist a person who advocates the perpetual continuation of anything.
perseity independent existence.
personalism the doctrine that humans possess spiritual freedom.
personalist someone who writes personal notes; a believer in, or follower of, personalism.
personalistic relating to personalism.
perspectivism the theory that things can only be known from an individual point of view at a particular time.
perspectivist a believer in perspectivism.
pessimism a tendency to look on the dark side of things.
pessimist one who tends to look on the dark side of things.
pessimistic inclined to pessimism.
pessimistical inclined to pessimism.
pessimistically (Adv.) PESSIMISTICAL, inclined to pessimism.
phenomenalism the doctrine that knowledge can only comprehend phenomena.
phenomenalist an adherent of the philosophical doctrine of phenomenalism, that knowledge can only comprehend phenomena.
phenomenalistic relating to phenomenalism.
phenomenism the doctrine that knowledge can only comprehend phenomena.
phenomenist a believer in phenomenism.
phenomenologist one who studies phenomenology.
phenomenology the study of phenomena.
phenomenon anything directly apprehended by the senses or one of them.
philosophe (Fr.) a philosopher.
philosopher a person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment.
philosopheress a female philosopher.
philosophess a female philosopher.
philosophic relating to philosophy.
philosophical relating to philosophy.
philosophically (Adv.) PHILOSOPHICAL, relating to philosophy.
philosophise to reason in the manner of a philosopher.
philosophiser one who philosophises.
philosophism would-be philosophy.
philosophist a would-be philosopher.
philosophistic relating to philosophism, would-be philosophy.
philosophize to reason in the manner of a philosopher.
philosophizer one who philosophises.
philosophy all learning exclusive of technical precepts and practical arts.
physicalism the belief that all phenomena reducible to verifiable assertions.
physicalist a believer in physicalism.
physicalistic relating to physicalism.
physicism belief in the material or physical as opposed to the spiritual.
platonism the philosophy of Plato.
plenism the doctrine that space is fully occupied by matter.
plenist one who holds that all space is full of matter.
pluralism a theory or system of thought recognizing more than one ultimate principle.
pluralist an adherent of pluralism, a theory or system of thought recognizing more than one ultimate principle.
pluralistic relating to pluralism.
pluralistically (Adv.) PLURALISTIC, relating to pluralism.
pneuma (Greek) soul, spirit.
polylemma an argument forcing a choice between contradictory statements.
positivism the doctrine that that which is not observable is not knowable.
positivistic relating to positivism, the doctrine that that which is not observable is not knowable.
postulate to assume or claim as true, existent, or necessary.
postulation the act of postulating.
postulatum (Lat.) a postulate.
pragmaticism the philosophic doctrine of C. S. Peirce.
pragmaticist an adherent of pragmaticism.
pragmatism a doctrine emphasizing practical value of philosophy.
pragmatistic relating to pragmatism.
predeterminism determinism.
prescriptivism the belief that moral edicts are merely orders with no truth value.
prescriptivist an adherent of prescriptivism, the belief that moral edicts are merely orders with no truth value.
primitivism the doctrine that a simple and natural life is morally best.
primitivist one who practises primitivism, the doctrine that a simple and natural life is morally best.
primitivistic relating to primitivism.
primordialism belief in first principles or elements.
principium (Lat.) a first principle; element; as Newton's Principia.
privatism a tendency to be concerned with ideas, matters, etc. only as affecting one as an individual.
privatist one who believes in privatism.
probabiliorism the belief that when in doubt one must choose the most likely answer.
probabiliorist a believer in probabiliorism.
probabilism the belief that knowledge is always probable but never absolute.
probabilist an advocate of probabilism, the belief that knowledge is always probable but never absolute.
prosyllogism a syllogism whose conclusion forms the premise of another.
psychical relating to the psyche.
psychically (Adv.) PSYCHICAL, of or pertaining to the human soul.
psychism belief in a universal soul.
quadrivium (Lat.) a higher division of seven liberal arts studied in the Middle Ages, comprising arithmetic, music, astronomy, geometry.
quale (Lat.) a quality or property of something.
quiddit (Arch.) the inherent nature or essence of anything; any trifling nicety; a quibble.
quidditative of the nature of a quiddity, trifling.
quiddity the inherent nature or essence of anything; any trifling nicety; a quibble.
quietist one who believes in quietism.
quietistic of or pertaining to the Quietists, or to Quietism.
quintessence the pure, concentrated essence; the most perfect embodiment of something.
quintessential relating to quintessence.
quodlibet (Lat.) a philosophical or theological point proposed for disputation; a whimsical combination of familiar melodies or texts.
quodlibetic of or like a quodlibet.
quodlibetical of or like a quodlibet.
quodlibetically (Adv.) QUODLIBETICAL, of or like a quodlibet.
rationale a reasoned exposition of principles.
realism the doctrine that objects of cognition are real.
realist one who is concerned with fact or reality.
redecraft (Arch.) logic.
reductionism the belief that complex phenomena are reducible to simple ones.
reductionist a believer in reductionism.
reductionistic relating to reductionism.
reify to give definite, concrete form to something that is abstract.
relationism the doctrine that relations have an objective existence; the doctrine of relativity of knowledge.
relationist a believer in relationism.
relativism a theory that knowledge is relative to the limited nature of the mind and the conditions of knowing.
relativist a believer in relativism.
relatum in logic, one of the objects between which a relationship exists.
rigorism rigidity in principle or practice.
rigoristic relating to rigorism.
scepsis (Greek) philosophic doubt.
sceptic disbelieving (noun) a person who doubts prevailing doctrines
scepticism the doctrine that no facts can be certainly known.
schema (Greek) a schematic representation of something.
scholastic relating to schools, universities etc.; (noun) a Scholastic philosopher.
scholasticism the aims, methods, and products of thought which constituted the main endeavour of the intellectual life of the Middle Ages.
scientism the belief that the methods of science are universally applicable.
sciosophy a system of knowledge without basis in science.
semiotician a practitioner of semiotics, a philosophical theory of signs and symbols.
semioticist a practitioner of semiotics, a philosophical theory of signs and symbols.
semiotics a philosophical theory of signs and symbols.
sensationalism the belief that ideas originate solely in sensation.
sensationalist one who engages in sensationalism.
sensism the doctrine that our ideas originate solely in sensation.
sensist one who, in philosophy, holds to sensism, the doctrine that our ideas originate solely in sensation.
sensualist one who is sensual; one given to the indulgence of the appetites or senses as the means of happiness.
sensum (Lat.) a sense datum.
sequitur (Lat.) something that follows logically.
singularism a philosophy that recognizes one principle only, as opposed to pluralism.
singularist an adherent of singularism.
skepsis (Greek) philosophical doubt.
skeptic a person who doubts prevailing doctrines.
solipsism a theory holding that the self can know nothing but its own modifications and that the self is the only existent thing.
solipsist one who practises solipsism, the belief that the self is all that exists.
solipsistic relating to solipsism.
solipsistically (Adv.) SOLIPSISTIC.
somatism materialism.
somatist one who admits the existence of material beings only; a materialist.
sophist a person who uses deceptive reasoning to win debates.
sophister a sophist.
stoic enduring pain without complaint (noun) a stoical person
stoical indifferent to pleasure or pain; uncomplaining in suffering.
stoically (Adv.) STOICAL, indifferent to pleasure or pain.
stoicalness the state of being stoical.
stoicism belief in indifference to pleasure or pain.
subalternant in logic, a universal in relation to the subaltern particular.
subalternate a particular proposition in relation to the subaltern particular.
subalternation the relation between a universal and particular of the same quality.
subcontrary a proposition so related to another that though both may be true they cannot both be false.
subintelligitur something that is not stated but understood.
subjectivism the doctrine that all knowledge is subjective.
subjectivist a believer in subjectivism.
subjectivistic relating to subjectivism.
substantialism the belief that there is a real existence underlying phenomena.
substantialist a believer in substantialism, the belief that there is a real existence underlying phenomena.
subsumption the minor premise of a syllogism.
superaltern a kind of universal proposition in logic.
superordination the relation of a universal proposition to a particular proposition in the same terms.
syllogise to reason by syllogisms.
syllogiser one who reasons by syllogisms.
syllogism an argument in which two premises lead to a logical conclusion.
syllogist one who reasons by syllogisms.
syllogistic relating to syllogism, an argument in which two premises lead to a logical conclusion.
syllogistical of or like a syllogism.
syllogistically (Adv.) SYLLOGISTICAL, of or like a syllogism.
syllogistics the branch of logic concerned with syllogisms.
syllogize to reason by syllogisms.
syllogizer one who reasons by syllogisms.
symbolics the branch of knowledge that deals with symbols.
symbologist a student of symbolology.
symbology the study of symbols.
symbolology the study of symbols.
syncretic combining different forms of belief or practice.
syncretism the reconciliation or union of conflicting beliefs or an effort intending such; a flagrant compromise in religion or philosophy.
syncretist a believer in syncretism.
syncretistic relating to syncretism.
syneidesis (Obs.) conscience as passing judgement on past acts.
systematism the practice of forming intellectual systems.
teleologic exhibiting or relating to design or purpose esp in nature.
teleological exhibiting or relating to design or purpose esp in nature.
teleologically (Adv.) TELEOLOGICAL, exhibiting or relating to design or purpose esp in nature.
teleologism belief in teleology.
teleologist an adherent of teleology.
teleology the doctrine that final causes exist in nature.
telesis (Greek) making use of natural or social processes for a goal.
telic directed or tending toward a goal or purpose.
telically (Adv.) TELIC, directed or tending toward a goal or purpose.
telos (Greek) an ultimate end.
thanatism the belief that the soul dies with the body.
thanatist one believing that the soul dies with the body.
thatness the quality of being a definite thing.
theist one who believes in the existence of a God; esp one who believes in a personal God.
thesis a proposition laid down or stated, esp one maintained or put forward as a premiss in an argument, or to be proved.
thingness the quality of being a thing.
thisness the quality of being a given thing.
transeunt (Lat.) (of a mental process) producing an effect outside the mind.
trialism the doctrine of the existence of body, soul and spirit in man.
trilemma a dilemma-like position offering three choices.
trivium (Lat.) in medieval schools, the group of liberal arts first studied, comprising grammar, rhetoric and logic.
truistic having the nature of a truism, an undoubted or self-evident truth.
tutiorism the doctrine that one should take the safer moral course.
tutiorist an adherent of tutiorism, the doctrine that one should take the safer moral course.
tychism the theory that objective account must be taken of the element of chance in philosophical etc. reasoning.
ubiety the state of being in a place; 'thereness'.
unalist a person who believes in one supreme God, a monist.
unideal not ideal; real.
univocally (Adv.) UNIVOCAL, having only one meaning.
utilitarian an advocate or adherent of utilitarianism.
utilitarianism the belief that utility of actions determines moral value.
vacuist a person who thinks there are empty spaces in nature.
vitalism the philosophical doctrine that life processes are not entirely explicable, or bound, by scientific laws.
vitalist one who holds to the doctrine of vitalism.
vitalistic pertaining to vitalism.
vitalistically (Adv.) VITALISTIC, pertaining to vitalism.
voluntarism the philosophical doctrine that the will dominates the intellect.
voluntarist an adherent of voluntarism.
voluntaristic relating to voluntarism, the philosophical doctrine that the will dominates the intellect.
weltanschauung (Ger.) a comprehensive conception or apprehension of the world, esp from a specific standpoint.
whatness what a thing is, essence.
wholist a believer in wholism.
worldview an outlook on the world or life.
yingyang (In Chinese philosophy and religion) two principles, one negative, dark, and feminine (yin) and one positive, bright, and masculine (yang) whose interaction influences the destinies of creatures and things.
zeitgeist (Ger.) the general intellectual, moral and cultural climate of an era.
zeitgeisty of, relating to, or typical of the zeitgeist.
zetetic (Greek) proceeding by inquiry; sceptic; (noun) a search, an enquiry.
zoism the doctrine that life originates from a single vital principle.
zoist a person who maintains the doctrine of zoism, the doctrine that life originates from a single vital principle.