This is a selection of words in CSW that you might expect to take a plural -S but which in fact do not. Such words can be categorised as:
1. singular nouns that do not inflect in the plural, as is the case with, for example, many Maori words. Note that to keep the list manageable I have not attempted to cover the several thousand singular nouns that do have a plural form which just happens not to be -S. For example, the plural of TIMPANO is TIMPANI not TIMPANOS*, but at least it does have a plural that is different from the singular, and so is not included here.
2. plural nouns whose form might fool you into thinking they were singular e.g. KYNE, LOCHIA, OTAKU. This is a fairly subjective set of inclusions and I have assumed a modicum of Latin/Greek knowledge on the part of the reader e.g. enough to know that RADII is not a singular noun so no RADIIS*
3. words which look very like nouns but are in fact adjectives e.g. KEYRING, RATBITE, BENCHTOP. Again this is a fairly subjective set of inclusions
4. interjections that don't take S e.g. EEK, HUH, JOKOL: some interjections do pluralise and some don't, and no rule can be given
I have omitted words of more than 10 letters.
| abram |
adj |
(Shakesp.) auburn. |
accused |
n |
A person accused. |
adnexa |
npl |
Conjoined anatomical parts. |
aggri |
npl |
Ancient W. African variegated glass beads. |
aha |
int |
Expressing exultation or pleasure. |
ahem |
int |
A sound expressing delicate interruption. |
alfredo |
adj |
Cooked with a cheese and egg sauce. |
amadoda |
npl |
(Nguni) grown men. |
angola |
adj |
Relating to a fabric made from the wool of the Angora goat. |
antidora |
npl |
(Lat.) the unconsecrated bread remaining after the Eucharistic Liturgy, blessed by the priests and given to non-communicants as well as communicants. |
apgar |
adj |
As in APGAR score, a system for determining the condition of an infant at birth. |
arriba |
int |
Expressing pleasure or approval. |
att |
n |
A Laotian monetary unit. |
aue |
n |
(Maori) an exclamation of pain, distress or astonishment. |
azerty |
adj |
A European version of the typewriter keyboard. |
azo |
adj |
containing nitrogen |
ballotini |
npl |
(Ital.) small glass beads used in reflective paint. |
bandaid |
adj |
(Tradename) referring to a type of sticking-plaster. |
bangalore |
adj |
As in bangalore torpedo, an explosive device in a long metal tube, used for blowing holes in barbed wire. |
barro |
adj |
Embarrassing. |
basho |
n |
(Japanese) in sumo wrestling, a tournament. |
batwing |
adj |
As in batwing sleeve: a sleeve with a deep armhole and a tight cuff. |
bedu |
n |
A tent-dwelling nomadic Arab. |
benchtop |
adj |
For use at a bench. |
berbice |
adj |
As in berbice chair, a type of armchair with long arms that can be folded inwards to act as leg rests. |
berko |
adj |
Berserk. |
bhat |
n |
The basic monetary unit of Thailand, equal to 100 SATANGS. |
bigstick |
adj |
Of or relating to irresistible military strength. |
bigtime |
adj |
Important. |
bimble |
adj |
(Aborig.) as in bimble box, a type of dense Australian tree. |
birchbark |
adj |
Made of birch bark, as in birchbark canoe. |
birdlife |
n |
Birds collectively. |
bitou |
adj |
As in bitou bush, a sprawling woody South African shrub. |
blackstrap |
adj |
As in blackstrap molasses. |
bliksem |
adj |
Expressing surprise. |
boeuf |
adj |
(Fr.) as in boeuf bourguignon, a casserole of beef, herbs etc cooked in red wine. |
bon |
adj |
(French) good |
bona |
npl |
(Lat.) goods. |
bonjour |
int |
(Fr.) good day. |
bonsoir |
int |
(Fr.) good evening. |
booshit |
adj |
Excellent. |
borlotti |
npl |
(Ital.) as in borlotti bean, a variety of kidney bean. |
borna |
adj |
As in borna disease, a type of viral disease. |
bottomset |
adj |
As in bottomset bed, fine sediment deposited at the foot of a growing delta. |
bowie |
adj |
As in bowie knife, a type of hunting knife. |
buffel |
adj |
As in buffel grass, grass used for pasture in Africa etc. |
bullosa |
n |
A genetic skin disorder. |
bunde |
n |
A German federation or league. |
bursera |
adj |
Designating a tropical American genus of trees yielding elemi and timber. |
cabover |
adj |
Of a truck or lorry, with the cab over the engine. |
cajun |
adj |
(Fr.) relating to descendants of the French-speaking Acadians deported to Louisiana in 1755. |
canneloni |
npl |
(Ital.) pasta in the shape of tubes, which are usually stuffed. |
capellini |
npl |
(Ital.) a type of pasta. |
cardan |
adj |
As in cardan joint, a type of universal joint. |
carrick |
adj |
As in carrick bend, a type of knot. |
carron |
adj |
As in carron oil, an ointment of limewater and linseed oil. |
cartop |
adj |
Able to fit on top of a car. |
cattle |
npl |
Domesticated bovines. |
centu |
n |
A Lithuanian monetary unit. |
cevapcici |
npl |
(Yugoslavian) kebabs of minced beef and pork flavoured with mint and paprika. |
chantilly |
adj |
(Fr.) as in chantilly lace, a type of ornamental lace. |
charlier |
adj |
As in charlier shoe, a special light horseshoe. |
cheval |
adj |
As in cheval glass, a full-length mirror that can be swivelled. |
chiao |
n |
(Chinese) a Chinese monetary unit, one tenth of a yuan. |
chimo |
int |
(Canadian) an Eskimo word used as greeting. |
chinese |
n |
(Coll.) a Chinese meal. |
chylde |
n |
A youth of gentle birth, esp. in ballads. |
cimelia |
npl |
(Lat.) treasures laid up in store. |
colorado |
adj |
Referring to a medium strength of cigar. |
copataine |
adj |
Of a hat, high-crowned like a sugar loaf. |
cropfull |
adj |
Having a full crop. |
cucking |
adj |
(Hist.) as in cucking stool, a kind of ducking stool for witches. |
cunabula |
npl |
(Lat.) the place where something began or was nurtured. |
curli |
npl |
Curled hairlike processes on the E. coli bacteria. |
curule |
adj |
Of high authority, as a higher Roman magistrate who was entitled to a curule chair, one like a camp-stool with curved legs. |
cyano |
adj |
Blue or dark blue. |
dataflow |
adj |
As in dataflow architecture. |
dayglo |
adj |
(Tradename) of a luminous green, yellow, pink or orange. |
dirigiste |
adj |
(Fr.) relating to State control of economic and social affairs. |
diriment |
adj |
That renders absolutely void; nullifying. |
disodium |
adj |
Of a chemical compound containing sodium. |
draco |
adj |
As in draco lizard, a flying lizard. |
dryland |
adj |
Relating to land as opposed to sea. |
ducdame |
int |
(Shakesp.) a meaningless refrain. |
eek |
int |
An interjection expressing fright. |
elhi |
adj |
(US) pertaining to school grades 1 to 12. This is an adjective: |
erotica |
npl |
(Lat.) erotic books, art etc. |
euoi |
int |
(Greek) a cry expressing Bacchic frenzy. |
evoe |
int |
(Greek) a cry expressing Bacchic frenzy. |
evhoe |
int |
(Greek) a cry expressing Bacchic frenzy. |
evohe |
int |
(Greek) a cry expressing Bacchic frenzy. |
fap |
adj |
drunk |
farfalle |
npl |
Pasta in bow shapes. |
feminie |
n |
Women collectively. |
fie |
int |
An interjection expressing reproach. |
filmgoing |
adj |
Designating someone who goes to films e.g. the filmgoing public. |
finnesko |
n |
(Norwegian) a reindeer-skin boot with the hair on. |
finnsko |
n |
(Norwegian) a reindeer-skin boot with the hair on. |
finsko |
n |
(Norwegian) a reindeer-skin boot with the hair on. |
fisherfolk |
n |
People who fish especially for a living. |
fistiana |
npl |
(Facetious) anecdotes about boxers and boxing. |
flanken |
n |
Beef cut from the side and boiled with vegetables. |
floatcut |
adj |
As in floatcut file, a file with parallel rows of teeth. |
freewill |
adj |
Voluntary. |
frenne |
adj |
(Spenser) foreign, strange. |
fusuma |
n |
(Japanese) a Japanese sliding door. |
fy |
int |
An interjection expressing reproach. |
gadjo |
n |
(Romany) a non-gypsy. |
gaijin |
n |
(Japanese) a term for a foreigner. |
gandy |
adj |
As in gandy dancer, a railway track maintenance worker. |
gateleg |
adj |
A style of table. |
geronimo |
int |
A shout given by US paratroopers as they jump into battle. |
gidday |
int |
An expression of greeting. |
giltwood |
adj |
Made of wood and covered with gilt. |
goldtail |
adj |
As in goldtail moth, a European moth with a yellow tail tuft. |
gor |
int |
Interj. used as a mild oath. |
gospoda |
n |
(Russian) a Russian title of address, equivalent to Mr. |
gospodin |
n |
(Russian) a Russian title of address, equivalent to Mr. |
grissini |
npl |
(Ital.) thin crisp breadsticks. |
gullwing |
adj |
Of a vehicle door, opening upwards. |
hadaway |
int |
An interjection urging someone on. |
haikai |
npl |
(Japanese) a series of linked haiku. |
haith |
int |
(Scots) interj. by my faith! |
halfen |
n |
(Spenser) half. |
halfpence |
n |
Coins worth half a penny. |
hangul |
n |
(Korean) an alphabetic script for Korean. |
haniwa |
n |
(Japanese) Japanese clay sculptures. |
heame |
n |
(Spenser) home. |
heigh |
int |
A cry of enquiry, encouragement. |
heishi |
npl |
(Japanese) tiny beads made from shells. |
hic |
int |
Representing a hiccup. |
hillfolk |
n |
People living among the hills. |
hiphugger |
adj |
Of trousers, having a low waist. |
hoka |
n |
(Maori) red cod. |
hokku |
npl |
(Japanese) a series of haiku. |
howzat |
int |
A cry in cricket appealing for dismissal of batsman. |
howzit |
int |
A greeting. |
huh |
int |
Interj. expressing non-understanding. |
hwan |
n |
A monetary unit of S. Korea. |
ick |
int |
An interjection used to express disgust. |
ingram |
adj |
Obsolete. |
ingrum |
adj |
Obsolete. |
inkjet |
adj |
Denoting a kind of computer printer. |
inro |
n |
(Japanese) a small container for pills and medicines. |
inshallah |
int |
(Arabic) an interjection among Muslims: if Allah wills. |
ither |
adj |
Other. |
jai |
int |
(Hindi) victory (to). |
jeon |
n |
(Korean) a monetary unit of S. Korea. |
jillionth |
adj |
The ordinal of JILLION. |
jimson |
adj |
As in jimson weed, an American plant. |
jinne |
int |
An interjection expressing surprise, shock etc. |
jirre |
int |
An interjection expressing surprise, shock etc. |
jokol |
int |
(Obs.) (Shetlands) yes carl. |
jomon |
n |
(Japanese) a particular era in Japanese history. |
jannock |
adj |
Honest. |
jonnock |
adj |
Honest. |
jun |
n |
A coin of North Korea. |
kaal |
adj |
(S. Afr.) naked. |
kam |
adj |
(Shakesp.) crooked, awry |
kasme |
int |
(Hinglish) I swear. |
kerchoo |
int |
An interjection expressing a sneeze. |
kernmantel |
adj |
Denoting a type of mountaineering rope. |
keto |
adj |
Pertaining to KETONE, a chemical compound of carbon, obtained by distilling salts of organic acids. |
keyring |
adj |
Relating to a type of computer drive. |
kidglove |
adj |
As in kidglove treatment. |
kiff |
adj |
(S. Afr.) excellent. |
kirby |
adj |
As in kirby grip, a grip for the hair. |
klieg |
adj |
As in klieg light, an intense carbon-arc light used for illumination in producing films. |
kneejerk |
adj |
As in kneejerk reaction. |
kokobeh |
adj |
Of certain fruit, having a rough skin. |
kongoni |
n |
(Swahili) an E. African hartebeest. |
kreplach |
n |
(Yiddish) small dough dumplings usu. served in soup. |
kreplech |
n |
(Yiddish) small dough dumplings usu. served in soup. |
kueh |
n |
(Malay) any cake of Malay, Chinese or Indian origin. |
kumbaloi |
npl |
(Greek) worry beads. |
ky |
npl |
Cattle. |
kyne |
npl |
(Spenser) kine, cattle. |
labrusca |
adj |
Designating a type of grape. |
laquearia |
n |
(Lat.) a ceiling consisting of panelled recessed compartments |
leafcutter |
adj |
As in leafcutter ant. |
lebkuchen |
n |
(Ger.) a biscuit containing honey and spices. |
lehrjahre |
npl |
(Ger.) an apprenticeship. |
leu |
n |
A unit of Romanian currency. |
lifehold |
adj |
Of land, held by a life estate. |
lightwave |
adj |
Relating to a wave of light. |
lochia |
npl |
(Greek) the discharge from the womb and vagina which follows childbirth. |
lokshen |
npl |
(Yiddish) noodles. |
longcase |
adj |
As in longcase clock, a grandfather clock. |
lor |
int |
expressing surprise |
lossmaking |
adj |
Making a loss, as in a lossmaking enterprise. |
lyra |
adj |
As in lyra viol, a lute-like instrument forerunner of the mandolin. |
macrobiota |
npl |
The larger organisms in the soil. |
magyar |
adj |
(Hungarian) of a garment, cut with the sleeves in a piece with the rest. |
malibu |
adj |
As in malibu board, a lightweight surfboard. |
malist |
v |
(Spenser) pp. of MALICE, to bear ill-will towards. |
malpighia |
n |
A tropical shrub. |
manet |
int |
(Lat.) a stage direction: he or she remains on stage. |
manriding |
adj |
Designating equipment on oil rigs that is for use of personnel rather than for carrying material. |
marengo |
adj |
(Ital.) designating a dish browned in oil and sauteed in mushrooms, tomatoes, onions and white wine. |
mazeltov |
int |
(Yiddish) congratulations. |
melastome |
n |
A tropical flowering plant. |
menshen |
n |
(Chinese) a Chinese door god. |
meuniere |
adj |
(Fr.) (of food, esp. fish) lightly coated in flour and fried in butter. |
mim |
adj |
prim and proper |
mixte |
adj |
Denoting a type of bicycle frame. |
moai |
n |
(Rapanui) any of the gigantic stone statues of Easter Island. |
murdabad |
int |
(Urdu) death to, used in slogans. |
musha |
int |
(Irish) an interjection expressing surprise. |
nanoscale |
adj |
On a very small scale. |
nassella |
adj |
As in nassella tussock, a type of tussock grass. |
ngwee |
n |
(Bantu) a Zambian monetary unit, the hundredth part of a KWACHA. |
nisi |
adj |
(Lat.) taking effect at a specified date unless cause is shown otherwise. |
nogaku |
n |
(Japanese) a traditional Japanese style of drama, aka NOH. |
noh |
n |
A traditional style of Japanese drama. |
nontarget |
adj |
Describing something that is not a target. |
novalia |
npl |
In Scots law, waste lands newly reclaimed. |
omniana |
npl |
(Lat.) about all sorts of things. |
organotin |
adj |
Of an organic compound used as a pesticide. |
otaku |
npl |
In Japan, young computer nerds. |
ovipara |
npl |
An artifical division of vertebrates, including those that lay eggs. |
pantihose |
n |
Tights worn by women or children with ordinary dress. |
pantyhose |
n |
Tights worn by women or children with ordinary dress. |
paravail |
adj |
below others in rank e.g. a tenant paravail |
paravant |
adj |
before, in front |
passager |
adj |
As in passager hawk, a young hawk or falcon caught on migration. |
pelon |
adj |
In Latin America: (of an animal, esp. a dog) having almost no hair. |
phew |
int |
An exclamation of relief, astonishment etc. |
piccata |
n |
(Ital.) an Italian sauce. |
pice |
n |
(Hindi) an Indian coin, 1/4 anna. |
pinyin |
n |
(Chinese) a system for romanizing Chinese ideogram. |
pirojki |
n |
(Russian) a small Russian pastry made with meat or cabbage filling. |
piroshki |
n |
(Russian) a small Russian pastry made with meat or cabbage filling. |
pirozhki |
n |
(Russian) a small Russian pastry made with meat or cabbage filling. |
playwear |
n |
Relating to any clothing worn for play. |
poisha |
n |
(Bengali) a Bangladeshi monetary unit. |
polyacid |
adj |
Designating a compound with more than one acidic group |
pooh |
int |
(Obs.) pooh, an expression of contempt. |
popeseye |
adj |
Denoting a cut of steak. |
proface |
int |
(Shakesp) may it profit you, a phrase of welcome |
prosit |
int |
(Lat.) a toast to good health. |
prost |
int |
(Lat.) a toast to good health. |
pugh |
int |
(Obs.) pooh, an expression of contempt. |
puh |
int |
(Obs.) pooh, an expression of contempt. |
quep |
int |
(Obs.) an interjection expression remonstrance. |
rapini |
npl |
(Ital.) immature turnip plants. |
rappen |
n |
(Ger.) a monetary unit of Switzerland. |
rappini |
npl |
(Ital.) immature turnip plants. |
raree |
adj |
As in raree show, a street show or carnival. |
ratbite |
adj |
As in ratbite fever, an acute infectious disease caught from the bite of a rat. |
rikishi |
n |
(Japanese) a sumo wrestler. |
rokkaku |
n |
(Japanese) a Japanese fighting kite. |
rustbucket |
adj |
As in rustbucket car, a badly rusted car. |
rusticana |
npl |
Objects such as agricultural implements, garden furniture etc made in the rustic style. |
sagrada |
adj |
(Spanish) as in cascara sagrada, dried bark of the cascara buckthorn, used as a purgative. |
santimu |
n |
(Latvian) a former coin of Latvia. |
satem |
adj |
A classification group of Indo-European languages, in which an original palatal consonant developed as a sibilant |
sau |
n |
A Vietnamese coin. |
seelie |
npl |
Good benevolent fairies. |
sene |
n |
(Samoan) a monetary unit of Western Samoa. |
sengi |
n |
A monetary unit of Zaire. |
seniti |
n |
(Tongan) a monetary unit of Tonga. |
senryu |
n |
(Japanese) a 3-line Japanese poem. |
senti |
n |
A former monetary unit of Tanzania. |
shagpile |
adj |
Of carpets, having a pile of long thick fibres. |
shapewear |
n |
Underwear that shapes the body. |
sharon |
adj |
As in sharon fruit, persimmon. |
shazam |
int |
(Tradename) a magic slogan. |
sheeple |
npl |
(Coll.) people who follow the herd blindly. |
shilingi |
n |
A monetary unit of Tanzania. |
shortcrust |
adj |
Designating a type of pastry. |
sidh |
npl |
(Irish) fairy people. |
sidhe |
npl |
(Irish) fairy people. |
signeur |
adj |
(Shakesp.) senior. |
siroset |
adj |
Of or relating to the chemical treatment of woollen fabrics to give a permanent-press effect. |
sitka |
adj |
As in sitka spruce, a tall N. American spruce tree. |
skiwear |
n |
Relating to clothes for skiing. |
sleepaway |
adj |
Relating to a camp for teenagers. |
sleepwear |
n |
Clothes for sleeping in. |
soho |
int |
(Shakesp.) a huntsman's halloo. |
sokaiya |
n |
(Japanese) in Japan, a corporate racketeer. |
solgel |
adj |
Relating to an alternation between SOL and GEL states. |
somoni |
n |
The standard monetary unit of Tajikistan. |
sorbo |
adj |
As in sorbo rubber, a spongy form of rubber. |
spaza |
adj |
(S. Afr.) as in spaza shop, a small shop in a township. |
staghorn |
adj |
As in staghorn fern, a type of fern with fronds that resemble antlers. |
strokeplay |
adj |
Referring to scoring by counting the total number of strokes played (rather than the number of holes won). |
stunkard |
adj |
(Scots) sulky, sullen |
subaudio |
adj |
Relating to low-frequency audio. |
suboval |
adj |
Somewhat oval; nearly oval. |
subsea |
adj |
Below the surface of the sea. |
tachina |
adj |
As in tachina fly, bristly fly. |
talaria |
npl |
(Lat.) small wings or winged shoes represented as fastened to the ankles, chiefly used as an attribute of Mercury or Hermes. |
teenage |
adj |
Pertaining to teenagers. |
teenybop |
adj |
Of or pertaining to TEENYBOPPERS. |
tertium |
adj |
(Lat.) as in tertium quid, an unknown indefinite third thing. |
thyine |
adj |
In biblical translations and allusions: of, pertaining to, or designating (the wood of) the thuya. |
tonka |
adj |
(Tupi) as in tonka bean, a tall leguminous African tree with fragrant black almond-shaped seeds. |
torii |
n |
(Japanese) a Shinto temple gateway. |
tormina |
npl |
(Lat.) acute, colicky pains. |
tother |
adj |
(Arch.) the other. |
townfolk |
npl |
The people of a town. |
townsfolk |
npl |
The people of a town. |
townwear |
n |
Clothes suitable for town. |
toytown |
adj |
Having an unreal and picturesque appearance. |
trypan |
adj |
As in trypan blue, a blue dye obtained from tolidine. |
tyin |
n |
A monetary unit of Kyrgyzstan. |
tyiyn |
n |
A monetary unit of Kyrgyzstan. |
udderful |
adj |
With full udder. |
umpteen |
adj |
Designating an indefinitely large number. |
undead |
n |
A vampire. |
unseelie |
npl |
Evil malevolent fairies. |
vagrom |
adj |
(Shakesp.) vagrant. |
verd |
adj |
As in verd antique, a dark green mottled impure variety of serpentine. |
volti |
int |
(Ital.) a direction to musicians to turn the page. |
wardian |
adj |
As in wardian case, a type of glass container for housing delicate plants. |
wayleggo |
int |
(NZ) a shepherd's call to his dog. |
whee |
int |
An expression of delight. |
willyard |
adj |
(Scots) wilful |
willyart |
adj |
(Scots) wilful |
wirra |
int |
An interjection expressing sorrow. |
wotcha |
int |
A verbal salutation. |
wotcher |
int |
A verbal salutation. |
wowee |
int |
An interjection, an intensification of WOW. |
wroth |
adj |
Wrathful; in commotion; stormy. |
xu |
n |
A Vietnamese monetary unit. |
yakuza |
n |
(Japanese) a Japanese gangster. |
yokul |
int |
(Obs.) (Shetland) yes, yes carl. |
zaibatsu |
n |
(Japanese) a powerful, family-controlled Japanese combine. |
zapata |
adj |
Denoting a kind of flowing, drooping moustache. |
ziptop |
adj |
Having the top opening fastened with a zipper. |
zite |
npl |
(Ital.) a type of pasta like large macaroni. |
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rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A. by Hasbro Inc., in Canada
by Hasbro Canada Inc. and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear
& Sons Ltd. of Maidenhead SL6 4UB, England, a subsidiary of Mattel
Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro or Hasbro Canada.
ABSP © 2012