ABSP - Pronunciation

Pronunciation

Words

Alphabets, Scripts etc.

Grammar and Semantics

Interjections

Non-standard Pl'ls (.PDF)

Non-stand' Verbs (.PDF)

ablaut	a variation in root vowel, as in sing, sang, song, sung, explained by former accentuation (aka gradation).
accent	to pronounce with prominence.
affricate	a consonant that begins as a PLOSIVE and ends as a FRICATIVE; (verb) to sound a consonant in that way.
affrication	the act of making a sound AFFRICATIVE.
affricative	(a sound) like an AFFRICATE.
allophone	any of several speech sounds regarded as variants of a given PHONEME.
allophonic	of or like an ALLOPHONE.
alveolar	of a sound, pronounced with tongue and alveolus > ALVEOLARLY; (noun) a sound so pronounced > ALVEOLARS.
anaptyctic	relating to ANAPTYXIS, the insertion of a vowel between two consonants for ease of pronunciation.
anaptyxis	the insertion of a vowel between two consonants for ease of pronunciation > ANAPTYXES.
aphaeresis apheresis	the taking away of a syllable at the beginning of a word > APHAERESES, APHERESES.
aphaeretic apheretic	relating to APHAERESIS, the taking away of a syllable at the beginning of a word.
aphesis	the loss of unaccented vowel at beginning of word, e.g. squire for esquire > APHESES. [Gk. aphesis, letting go].
aphetic	relating to APHESIS, the loss of unaccented vowel at beginning of word > APHETICALLY.
aphetise aphetize	to shorten by APHESIS.
aphonous	without voice; voiceless; nonvocal.
aphony	loss of voice or vocal utterance > APHONIES. Also APHONIA.
apocopate	to cut off the end of a word.
apocope	the omission of the last sound, syllable, or part of a word, e.g. mag for magazine, fab for fabulous.
apocopic	relating to APOCOPE, the cutting off of the last sound or syllable of a word.
apophony	variation in the root vowel of words to change meaning, aka ABLAUT.
asperate	to make (a sound) rough or harsh.
aspirata	a type of PLOSIVE > ASPIRATAE.
aspirate	to pronounce the sound of h at the beginning of a word.
assibilate	to pronounce with a hiss or sibilant.
assibilation	speaking with a sibilant sound.
assonant	a word or syllable that resembles another in sound.
assonate	to correspond in sound.
betacism	the pronunciation of the sound B as V.
bilabial	a sound or consonant produced by both lips touching, for example p, b, m.
brei	to speak with uvular r, especially in Afrikaans > BREIS, BREIING, BREID. Also BREY.
brey	to speak with uvular r, especially in Afrikaans > BREYS, BREYING, BREYED. Also BREI.
brogueish broguish	having a slight BROGUE.
broguery	the use of an Irish accent.
burr	the rough sound of r pronounced in the throat, as by many Northumberland people; a continual humming sound as of a machine; (verb) to speak with a burr.
cacoepistic	relating to CACOEPY, incorrect pronunciation.
cacoepy	incorrect pronunciation.
cacuminal	(a sound) pronounced with the tongue-tip curled up towards the hard palate > CACUMINALS.
cerebral	pronounced with the tongue-tip curled up towards the hard palate > CEREBRALLY; (noun) a cerebral consonant > CEREBRALS.
clitic	a word not capable of being pronounced with full word stress but dependent on, and pronounced as though part of, the preceding or following word.
cliticise cliticize	to pronounce as part of following or preceding word.
cockneyfy cocknify	to make (an accent) COCKNEY i.e. a London dialect spoken in the East End.
consonant	consistent with > CONSONANTLY; (noun) any speech sound other than a vowel.
continuant	continuing; prolonged; sustained; as, a continuant sound.
correption	shortening in pronunciation.
crackjaw	(a word) hard to pronounce > CRACKJAWS.
crasis	blending; the melding of two VOWELS into a DIPHTHONG > CRASES. [Gk. krasis, mixture].
dental	a sound produced by applying the tongue to the teeth or gums > DENTALS, DENTALLY.
dentality	use of the teeth in pronouncing words.
dentilingual	(a sound) pronounced (as th) with tongue against teeth > DENTILINGUALS.
devocalise	to make VOICELESS.
devoice	to make VOICELESS.
diphthong	a union of two vowels pronounced in one syllable.
disyllabic	having two syllables.
disyllable	a word with two syllables.
drawl	to speak slowly with vowels greatly prolonged.
drawler	one who drawls.
drawlingly	in a drawling manner.
drawly	in a drawling manner > DRAWLIER, DRAWLIEST.
eclipsis	the omission of sounds or words in speech > ECLIPSISES.
ectasis	the lengthening of a syllable from short to long > ECTASES.
ectatic	relating to ECTASIS, the lengthening of a syllable from short to long.
ecthlipsis	omitting one or more sounds in pronouncing a word.
egressive	of speech sounds, pronounced with exhalation of breath; (noun) an egressive speech sound.
ejective	a sound produced with air compressed above the closed glottis.
ejectively	(adv.) EJECTIVE, of a sound produced with air compressed above the closed glottis.
emphatic	uttered with emphasis; (noun) an emphatic consonant > EMPHATICS
emphatical	uttered with emphasis.
emphaticalness	the state of being EMPHATICAL.
enunciation	the act of enunciating.
enunciatory	relating to ENUNCIATION.
enunciate	to pronounce distinctly.
epenthesis	the insertion of an extra sound into a word, e.g. fillum for film > EPENTHESES.
epenthetic	inserted in the body of a word; as, an epenthetic letter or sound.
etacism	the pronunciation of eta as close e. Cf. ITACISM.
euphonia euphony	an agreeable sound; a pleasing, easy pronunciation.
faucal faucial	of or produced in the fauces, as are certain Semitic guttural sounds.
formant	a component of a speech sound determining its particular quality.
fortis	pronounced with tension and strong articulation (fortis consonants: f, p). [L. strong].
fricative	produced by the forcing of air through a restricted passage, as with 'f''.
gradation	another name for ABLAUT.
guttural	a sound produced in the throat, or by the back of the tongue and the (soft) palate > GUTTURALS, GUTTURALLY.
haplologic	showing HAPLOLOGY, the contraction of a word by the omission of one or more similar sounds or syllables.
haplology	the contraction of a word by the omission of one or more similar sounds or syllables (as in mineralogy for mineralology or prob-ly for probably) > HAPLOLOGIES.
hirrient	(a sound) roughly trilled > HIRRIENTS.
homophonous	exhibiting HOMOPHONOUS, sameness of sound.
homophony	sameness of sound > HOMOPHONIES.
homorganic	articulated at the same point in the vocal tract as a consonant in a different class.
implodent	an IMPLOSIVE sound.
implosion	in the formation of voiceless stops, compression of enclosed air by simultaneous stoppage of the mouth parts and the glottis.
implosive	of or relating to implosion > IMPLOSIVELY; (noun) an implosive consonant > IMPLOSIVES.
ingressive	pronounced with inhalation rather than exhalation of breath.
interdental	pronounced with the tip of the tongue between upper and lower teeth.
iotacism	the conversion of other vowel sounds in Greek to iota > IOTACISMS.
itacism	pronunciation of the Greek letter eta as the modern Greeks pronounce it, that is, like e in the English word be. Cf. ETACISM.
jawbreaker	a word hard to pronounce. Cf. CRACKJAW.
jawbreaking	difficult to pronounce.
labdacism lambdacism	a fault in speaking or in composition, which consists in too frequent use of the letter l, or in doubling it erroneously.
labial	(a sound) pronounced with the lips > LABIALS, LABIALLY.
labialise labialize	to pronounce with rounded lips
labialism	the quality of being LABIAL.
labialize	see LABIALISE.
labiodental	(a sound) pronounced with lips and teeth, such as f.
labionasal	(a sound) a sound produced with nose and closed lips.
labiovelar	(a sound) produced by the lips and soft palate together, such as w.
lall	to articulate R as L > LALLS, LALLING, LALLED.
lallation	infant's talk, or speech similar to it; the pronunciation of r as l > LALLATIONS.
lambdacism	see LABDACISM.
lenis	a sound with little or no aspiration: b and d, compared to p and t > LENES. [L. lenis, soft].
lenite	to undergo LENITION.
lenition	a softening of articulation, common in Celtic languages > LENITIONS.
lingual	pronounced with the tongue > LINGUALLY; (noun) a sound pronounced using the tongue > LINGUALS.
lisp	to pronounce the letters S and Z imperfectly > LISPS, LISPING, LISPED.
lisper	one who lisps > LISPERS.
lispingly	(adv.) LISPING.
media	1. (Lat.) a voiced consonantal stop > MEDIAE. 2. a channel of communication > MEDIAS.
metanalysis	incorrect placement of 'n' at the start of a word following an indefinite article > METANALYSES.
metathesis	the transposition within a word of letters, sounds, or syllables, as in the change from Old English brid to modern English bird or in the confusion of modren for modern > METATHESES.
mispronounce	to pronounce wrongly.
missound	to sound wrongly; to utter or pronounce incorrectly.
monophthong	two written vowels representing a single sound, e.g. oo, oa.
mouille	of certain consonants, having a 'liquid' or softened sound.
nasal	through the nose > NASALLY; (noun) a sound uttered through the nose > NASALS.
nasalise nasalize	to make nasal in pronunciation; utter with a nasal sound
nasalism	nasal pronunciation.
nasality	the quality or state of being nasal.
nasalize	see NASALISE.
nonrhotic	denoting or speaking a dialect of English in which preconsonantal r's are not pronounced.
obstruent	a sound characterized by obstruction of the airstream: a plosive, fricative, or affricate.
occlusive	a consonantal sound produced with stoppage of breath.
orinasal	(a sound) pronounced through both the mouth and nose > ORINASALS: ORINASALLY.
orthoepic orthoepical	relating to ORTHOEPY, the study of correct pronunciation.
orthoepy	the customary pronunciation of a language; the study thereof.
orthotone	(a word) taking an accent in certain positions but not in others > ORTHOTONES.
orthotonic	taking an accent in certain positions but not in others.
oxytone	a word bearing an acute accent on the last syllable. [Gk. oxys, sharp + tonos, tone].
oxytonic	like an oxytone.
palatal	of or pertaining to the palate > PALATALLY; (noun) a sound made with the palate > PALATALS.
palatalise	to make (a sound) PALATAL.
paragoge paragogue	the addition of a sound to the end of a word.
paragogic	relating to a PARAGOGE, the addition of a sound to the end of a word.
paralalia	abnormality of speech sounds.
paralexia	transposition of words or syllables in reading, due to brain damage.
paralexic	relating to PARALEXIA, transposition of words or syllables in reading, due to brain damage.
paroxytone	a word having an acute accent on the penultimate syllable.
phonal	of or relating to the voice; as, phonal structure.
phonation	the production of vocal sound.
phonatory	relating to PHONATION, the production of vocal sound.
phoneme	the smallest significant unit of sound in a language.
phonemic	relating to a PHONEME > PHONEMICS.
phonetician	a student of PHONETICS.
phonetics phonics	the branch of linguistics that deals with pronunciation and speech production.
phonetism	the science which treats of vocal sounds.
phonetist	one versed in phonetics; a phonologist.
phonics	see PHONETICS.
phonologist	a student of PHONOLOGY, the branch of linguistics that deals with systems of sounds.
phonology	the branch of linguistics that deals with systems of sounds.
plateasm	a pronunciation with a wide mouth-opening, as in Doric Greek.
plosion	the articulation of a plosive sound such as p in lop or d in adorn.
plosive	an explosive (sound), as p.
pretonic	denoting the syllable before the one bearing the primary stress in a word.
proclisis	the pronunciation of a word as a proclitic.
prolate	drawn out > PROLATELY; (verb) to lengthen out in utterance.
prolateness	the state of being PROLATE.
pronounce	to articulate one's words.
prothesis	the development of an extra initial sound at the beginning of a word > PROTHESES.
prothetic	of or pertaining to PROTHESIS, the development of an extra initial sound at the beginning of a word.
provection	the carrying forward of a sound at the end of a word to the beginning of the next (as 'a newt' from original from 'an ewt').
psellism psellismus	a defect in articulation or pronunciation > PSELLISMS, PSELLISMUSES.
resonant	resounding, ringing > RESONANTLY; (noun) a liquid or nasal consonant > RESONANTS.
rhinolalia	nasal speech.
rhotacise rhotacize	to change to an r- sound, esp. from z.
rhotacism	the excessive use or faulty pronunciation of the letter R.
rhotacist	one whose speech shows RHOTACISM.
rhotacistic	relating to RHOTACISM, the excessive use or faulty pronunciation of the letter R.
rhotacize	see RHOTACISE.
rhotic	r- pronouncing, as defining a dialect. [Gk. rho, the Greek R].
rhoticity	the quality of being RHOTIC, r- pronouncing, as defining a dialect.
sandhi	the modification of a sound of a word by its context, e.g. the difference in pronunciation of the in 'the house' and in 'the other house' > SANDHIS.
segholate segolate	in Hebrew, a disyllabic noun form with a tone-long vowel in the first and a short seghol (vowel-point) in the second syllable.
semivocal	of or relating to a semivowel.
semivowel	a speech sound having the nature of both a vowel and a consonant.
sibilance sibilancy	pronunciation with a hissing sound.
sibilate	to pronounce (words) with, or produce, a hissing sound.
sigmatism	repetition of the sigma sound.
sonance	a sounding.
sonancy	the quality of being SONANT.
sonant	a voiced sound; a syllabic consonant.
sonantal sonantic	of a sound, uttered with vibration of the vocal chords.
sonorant	a voiced consonant regarded as a syllabic sound e.g. the n in sudden.
spirant	(a sound) pronounced with friction of breath against part of mouth, as f or s.
spirated	voiceless. N.B. no SPIRATE*.
subvocal	of words formed in speech order in the mind with or without (inaudible) movements of the speech organs > SUBVOCALLY.
suctional	as in suctional stop, a stop consonant in which the contact of the articulating organs is followed by an inrush of air.
superfix	a recurrent pattern of stress in speech.
syllabic	a syllabic sound; a unit of sound capable by itself of forming a syllable, or constituting the essential element of a syllable.
syllabify	to divide into syllables.
syllabise syllabize	to form or divide into syllables.
syllabism	division into syllables.
syllabize	see SYLLABISE.
syllable	to utter or express in (or as in) syllables or articulate speech.
synaeresis syneresis	the running together of vowels into a diphthong > SYNAERESES, SYNERESES.
synalepha synaloepha	the melting of a final vowel or diphthong into the initial vowel or diphthong of the next word.
syncopal syncopic syncoptic	of or showing SYNCOPE, the shortening a word by the omission of a sound, letter, or syllable from the middle of the word.
syncopate	to shorten a word by cutting out its middle.
syncopic	see SYNCOPAL.
syncoptic	see SYNCOPAL.
syneresis	see SYNAERESIS.
tautophony	repetition of the same sound.
tenuis	an unaspirated voiceless stop consonant, such as k, p or t > TENUES.
throat	to utter or articulate in or from the throat; to express throatily > THROATS, THROATING, THROATED.
throaty	of a voice, vocal sound, etc. produced or modified in the throat; guttural > THROATIER, THROATIEST; THROATILY.
toneme	in a tone language, a phoneme that can be distinguished from another only by its tone intonation.
tonemic	relating to a TONEME.
tonetic	of or relating to tonal pronunciation or languages > TONETICS, TONETICALLY.
tonetics	the study of pronunciation.
triphthong	three vowel sounds pronounced as one.
trisyllabic	having three syllables.
twang	a nasal tone in speaking; (verb) to sound with a twang.
unround	to articulate without rounding the lips.
unstress	a syllable with relatively weak stress. N.B. this is not a verb: no UNSTRESSING*.
unstressed	pronounced without stress, or with relatively weak stress.
unvoice	to pronounce a voiced consonant without voice.
uptalk	to speak with a rising inflection at the end of each sentence, as if asking a question.
uvular	relating to the uvula > UVULARLY; (noun) a sound produced by use of the uvula > UVULARS.
velar	of the velum, the pendulous soft palate; (noun) a consonant produced by the back of the tongue > VELARS.
velaric	relating to a VELAR, a back consonant.
velarisation	the pronunciation of a word with the back of the tongue touching the soft palate.
velarise velarize	to articulate a sound by retracting the tongue toward the soft palate.
vibrant	vibrating, resonant > VIBRANTLY; (noun) a sonant, a voiced sound; a syllabic consonant > VIBRANTS.
vocalic	of or pertaining to vowel sounds > VOCALICALLY; (noun) a vowel sound > VOCALICS.
vocalise vocalize	to form with the voice; to articulate
vocaliser vocalizer	one who VOCALIZES.
vocule	a slight vowel sound completing the articulation of certain consonants.
voice	to sound with resonance of the vocal chords.
voiceless	sounded without resonance of the vocal chords.
vowel	a speech-sound produced by the unimpeded passage of the breath > VOWELLY; (verb) to articulate the words in singing > VOWELS, VOWELLING, VOWELLED.
vowelise vowelize	to give the quality, sound, or office of a vowel to.
vowelless	without vowels.
vowelly	full of VOWELS.

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