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AFRIKAANS | |
| aardvark | a nocturnal, insectivorous, badger-sized mammal, native to sub-Saharan Africa. [Afk. aardvark(en) (now erdvark), f. aarde earth + varken pig.] |
| aardwolf | a hyena-like African mammal, aka EARTHWOLF. |
| aasvogel | a S. African vulture. [Dutch = 'carrion bird']. |
| agterskot+ | the final payment to a farmer for crops. |
| apartheid | segregation and separate development (of races). |
| baas | boss. |
| baaskaap baasskap baaskap+ | the condition in which one section of the population is treated as the master race, esp. the policy of domination of white people in South Africa. |
| backveld | country remote from towns. |
| berg | a hill or mountain in S. Africa. |
| banket | a gold-bearing pebbly conglomerate. [Dutch banketje almond rock]. |
| berghaan | the bateleur eagle. [Afrik. berg, mountain, + haan, cock]. |
| bijwoner bywoner | the sub-tenant of a farm; an agricultural labourer. [Dutch bijwonen, to be present]. |
| biltong | a kind of dried meat. |
| blaubok bloubok | a South African antelope, the bluebuck. |
| blesbok blesbuck | a South African antelope, having a large white spot on the forehead. |
| boerewors | a traditional S. African sausage. Pl. BOEREWORSES. |
| boertjie+ | a friend. |
| bok | a goat or antelope. |
| bontebok | the pied antelope of South Africa, aka BLESBOK. |
| boomslang | a highly venomous southern African tree-snake. [Du. boom, tree, + slang, snake]. |
| bosberaad+ | a meeting in an isolated place to break a political deadlock. |
| bosbok boschbok boshbok | a kind of antelope, a bush-buck. |
| boschveld bushveld | veld made up largely of woodland. |
| boshvark boschvark+ | the bush hog. |
| braaivleis | a barbecue party. |
| broekies+ | underpants. |
| brommer brummer | the bluebottle. |
| craal kraal | a pen for cattle; (verb) to enclose in such a pen. |
| dassie | a small mammal, the hyrax. [Dutch dasje, dim. of das, badger]. |
| dikkop | the stone curlew. |
| dinges dingus | an indefinite name for any person or thing whose name one cannot remember. |
| disselboom | the single shaft of an ox-wagon or other cart. |
| doek | a square cloth for tying round the head, worn by African women. |
| donder | to beat up, thrash. |
| doorn | a thorn. |
| doppie | a cartridge-case. [Dutch dop, shell, case]. |
| dorp | a S. African village or small town. |
| dronklap+ | a drunkard. |
| drostdy | the house and office of a LANDDROST. Pl. DROSTDYS or DROSTDIES. |
| duiker duyker | a small S. African antelope. |
| eina+ | an interjection expressing sudden pain. |
| fricadel frikkadel | a fried ball of mincemeat. |
| fynbos | in South Africa, an area of low shrubs. [Dutch fijn, fine + bosch, bush]. Pl. FYNBOSES. |
| geelbek+ | a yellow-jawed fish |
| gemsbok gemsbuck | a South African antelope, having long, sharp, nearly straight horns. |
| grysbok | a small South African antelope, speckled with gray and chestnut. [Dutch 'grey buck']. |
| haanepoot hanepoot honeypot | a kind of grape. [Dutch haane-poot, cockfoot]. |
| hammerkop | a bird of the heron family. [Dutch 'hammer-head']. |
| hartbees hartebeest hartbeest+ | a large S. African antelope. |
| inspan | to yoke e.g. oxen to a vehicle. |
| jambok sjambok | a rhinoceros-hide whip; (verb) to beat with this. N.B. SJAMBOKED/SJAMBOKING and SJAMBOKKED/SJAMBOKKING, but only JAMBOKKED/JAMBOKKING. |
| jinne+ jirre+ | an exclamation indicating surprise, shock etc. |
| jong+ | a friend, esp. as an address |
| jukskei | an outdoor game similar to quoits. [Afrik. yuk, yoke + skei, pin]. |
| kabeljou kabeljouw | a large S. African fish. |
| kaross | a S. African garment of animal skins. |
| kerel+ | a chap or fellow |
| kiaat+ | a tropical leguminous tree |
| kingklip | any of several marine food fishes. |
| klipdas | the Cape HYRAX, an African mammal, like a woodchuck but more closely related to ungulates. [Dutch = 'rock badger']. |
| klipspringer | a small, hoofed African antelope. |
| kloof | a deep ravine in South Africa. |
| konfyt | a preserve of fruit, in syrup or candied. |
| kop | a hill. |
| kopje koppie | a low hill. |
| krans krantz kranz | a crown of rock on a mountain-top. [Dutch krans, a wreath]. |
| kurvey | to transport goods by wagon. [Dutch karwei, work]. |
| laager | a defensive ring of ox-wagons; (verb) to arrange wagons in such a ring. |
| laer | = LAAGER, a camp; (verb) to make camp. |
| landdros landdrost | in South Africa, a district magistrate or sheriff. |
| lapje lappie | a rag or piece of cloth. |
| lekker+ | pleasing, tasty |
| lowveld | the lower altitude areas of the eastern Transvaal. |
| mampoer+ | home-made brandy distilled from peaches, prickly pear etc. |
| mealie mealy mielie+ | an ear of maize. |
| mevrou+ | a title of respect for a woman |
| mooi | fine. |
| moskonfyt | a thick syrup made from grapes. |
| naartje nartjie naartjie+ | a small sweet orange like the mandarin. [Afk. f. Tamil narattai citrus]. |
| nachtmaal | an older form of NAGMAAL, a Dutch Reformed Church Sacrament, the Lord's Supper. |
| nagapie | the bush-baby or nocturnal lemur. [Dutch 'night ape']. |
| nagmaal | a Dutch Reformed Church Sacrament, the Lord's Supper. [= ‘night meal’]. |
| nek | a COL, a pass over mountains. |
| oom | uncle. |
| oribi ourebi | a small South African antelope. |
| oubaas+ | someone senior to oneself |
| ouma+ | a grandmother |
| oupa+ | a grandfather |
| outspan | to unharness a draft animal. |
| palmiet | a S. African aloe-like riverside plant of the rush family. |
| perlemoen+ | a sea creature with a shell lined with mother-of-pearl |
| plaas+ | a farm |
| platanna | the African clawed frog. |
| platteland | rural districts. |
| poep+ | a fart, a despicable person |
| poort | a mountain pass. |
| pronk | of a springbok, to leap in the air. [Du. pronken, to show off]. |
| ratel | an African badger, aka honey-badger. |
| reebok rhebok | a S. African antelope. |
| regmaker+ | a drink taken to counterct the effect of a hangover |
| reitbok | the reedbuck. |
| riem | a raw-hide thong. |
| riempie | a long RIEM about the width of a shoelace, used as string. |
| ringhals rinkhals | an African snake that spits its venom. Pl. RINGHALSES, RINKHALSES. |
| rondavel | in S. Africa, a round hut with a grass roof. [Afrik. rondawel]. |
| rooibos+ | a kind of tea prepared from the dried leaves of an African plant |
| rooikat+ | a S. African lynx |
| rooinek | an Afrikaans nickname for an English-speaking person. [Afrikaans = 'red neck']. |
| schanse schantze schanze | a heap of stones used as protection against rifle-fire. |
| schelm skelm | a rascal. |
| sitkamer+ | a sitting-room |
| skollie skolly | a coloured hooligan. |
| sloot sluit | in S. Africa, a narrow water-channel. |
| smouser | in S. Africa, a pedlar. |
| snoep+ | tight-fisted |
| sosatie+ | a skewer of curried meat pieces |
| spekboom | a South African succulent shrub of the purslane family. [Dutch 'bacon tree']. |
| spanspek+ | a tough-skinned melon |
| springhaas | a S. African nocturnal rodent. Pl. SPRINGHAAS or SPRINGHASE. Also SPRINGHASE. |
| springhase | a S. African nocturnal rodent. Pl. SPRINGHASE. Also SPRINGHAAS. |
| spruit | a small stream flowing only in the wet season. |
| steenbras | an edible estuarine S. African fish. [Dutch = 'stone bream']. |
| steenbok steinbok steenbuck+ | a small S. African antelope. [Du. steen, stone + bok, buck]. |
| taal+ | language, usu. by implication Afrikaans |
| tronk+ | jail |
| veld veldt | open grassland. [Afrikaans veld, from Dutch veld, field]. |
| veldschoen veldskoen velskoen | a shoe made of rawhide. |
| verkramp | in South Africa, narrow-minded and illiberal esp. towards black and coloured people. Cf. VERKRAMPTE. |
| verkrampte | in South Africa, (one who is) narrow-minded and illiberal esp. towards black and coloured people. Cf. VERKRAMP, but VERKRAMPTE can be a noun with plural VERKRAMPTES. |
| verlig | politically liberal. Cf. VERLIGTE. |
| verligte | in South Africa, (one who is) liberal, politically enlightened. Cf. VERLIG, but VERLIGTE can be a noun with plural VERLIGTES. |
| vetkoek | a deep-fried cake. |
| vlei | low-lying ground where a shallow lake forms in the wet season. Also VLY. |
| vly | low-lying ground where a shallow lake forms in the wet season. Pl. VLIES. Also VLEI. |
| volk | the Afrikaner people. |
| volksraad | a legislative assembly, esp. (with cap.) that of the Transvaal or Orange Free State. |
| voorkamer+ | a front room, esp. of a farmhouse |
| voorskot+ | advance payment made to a farmer for crops |
| voortrekker | one of the Dutch farmers from Cape Colony who took part in the Great Trek into the Transvaal in 1836. |
| vrot+ | rotten, putrid |
| vrou+ | a woman, esp. a married woman |
| waboom wagenboom | a South African proteaceous tree; also, its tough wood, used for making wagon wheels. [Dutch = 'wagon-tree']. |
| witblits | a strong home-distilled alcoholic spirit. [Afr. wit, white + blits, lightning]. |
| witgat witgatboom | a South African evergreen tree with edible roots used as a coffee substitute when roasted. [Afk., f. wit, white + gat, hole]. |